ABSTRACT
Concerted efforts have been made to combat HIV infection in Nigerian. By contrast, much less attention has been paid to hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection. These viruses have similar immuno-epidemiology. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HCV/HIV dual infection among 269 antenatal attendees at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital in southern Nigeria. The study was prospective and cross-sectional and consisted of the analysis of the sera of the participants for anti-HCV and HIV antibodies using ELISA. The result showed that 1.86% samples were HCV antibodies positive while 8.30% were seropositive for HIV-1 antibodies. There were no cases of dual infections. The HIV positive women and their babies had antiretroviral therapy. We conclude that dual HCV/HIV infection in pregnancy in Nigeria may be uncommon but suggest multicenter studies to determine the national prevalence while initiating strategies for their prevention (Afr J Reprod Health 2009; 13[2]:97-108)
Subject(s)
HIV , Hepacivirus , Nigeria , Pregnant Women/epidemiologyABSTRACT
En Republique Democratique du Congo (RDC); comme dans de nombreux pays africains; le sida et son cortege d'infections opportunistes sont une cause majeure de morbidite et de mortalite. A Kinshasa; on estime entre 4 et 5le taux de prevalence de sujets infectes par le VIH; soit plus de 200 000 personnes (chiffres du Programme National de Lutte contre le Sida; PNLS 2005). A ce jour; faute de personnels formes et de moyens diagnostiques adaptes; aucune enquete n'a encore ete menee sur la prevalence des parasites opportunistes digestifs dans la population des patients infectes par leVIH; prealable indispensable a la mise en place d'une politique de soin adaptee. Une enquete preliminaire a ete realisee a Paris sur 50 echantillons de selles de 50 patients malades du sida; hospitalises dans 3 hopitaux de references de Kinshasa. Onze patients (22) avaient une symptomatologie digestive avec un syndrome diarrheique. La realisation des examens specialises a mis en evidence 2 cas d'infection digestive par des parasitoses opportunistes (4); une a Cryptosporidium sp. et une a Enterocytozoon bieneusi; premier cas decrit dans la litterature en RDC
Subject(s)
Humans , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/epidemiology , Cryptosporidium , Enterocytozoon , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV , MicrosporidiaABSTRACT
Background: Open tibial fracture is a common orthopaedic challenge in Nigeria with adverse economic implications. The aim of study is to investigate the epidemiology of the problem.Methods: This is a prospective observational study of all open tibial fractures seen at the Accident and Emergency department of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) over a twelve- month period (July 2002- June 2003). Data from a pre-designed proforma for the study was analyzed and descriptive statistics of the epidemiology is presented.Results: Seventy-two open fractures were seen in 70 patients. The male to female ratio was 2.5:1 and the peak age incidence was in the 20-29 years age group (38.6) followed by the 30-39 years agegroup (31.4). The extremes of age were least affected. Road accidents constituted most of the injuries (91.4); of which 51.5was motorcycle related. The passenger was the most at risk of injury (56.3). Gustilo and Anderson type III open injuries were the most frequent followed by the type II injuries.Conclusion: The burden of open tibial fractures in Nigeria is significant. Most fractures of the tibia are open and results from high-energy injuries. They are usually associated with other injuries; which are the major contributors to morbidity and mortality. Poverty and lack of social infra structures are contributory factors