Metabolic syndrome using national cholesterol education program criteria in black patients with arterial hypertension

Objective: to assess the prevalence and correlates of the metabolic syndrome (MS) in black patients with essential hypertension. Methods: A total of 100 consecutive essential hypertensives (53 men and 47 women, mean age 49 ± 10 years, BMI 27 ± 5 Kg/m², SBP 155 ± 19 mmHg, DBP 101 ± 11 mmHg) attending the University of Kinshasa outpatient hypertension clinic and included in a case-control study of lipids and lipoproteins were considered for the present cross sectional analysis. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and electrocardiographic investigations searching for lipid and lipid cardiovascular risk factors. NCEP-ATP III criteria were used to define the MS. Between group comparisons were made with the Student t test, Mann Whitney U test or Chi square as appropriate. Results: 31 hypertensive patients (33%), 23 men and 8 women, fulfilled the NCEP-ATP III criteria of the MS. In univariate analysis, aside the variables defining the MS, patients with the MS had a significantly higher TC/HDL-c ratio (4.44 ± 2.40 vs 3.79 ± 1.82; p ≤ 0.05) and proportion (13% vs 3%, p ≤ 0.05) of smokers; they paradoxically showed lower proportion (39% vs 52%, p ≤ 0.05) of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in comparison to those without the MS. The two groups were similar for age, sex distribution, duration of hypertension, physical activity, treatment status, BP and other biological variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent contribution of risk factors to the risk of MS. Conclusion: MS is common among Congolese patients with essential hypertension and seems to be paradoxically associated with less pronounced cardiac damage probably due to the phenomenon of reverse epidemiology of traditional cardiovascular risk factors

Diets Rich in Vegetables and Physical Activity are Associated with a Decreased Risk of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension among Rural Women from Kimpese; DR Congo

Background:To assess whether the frequency pf pregnancy-induced hypertension is low; and vegetables intake and physical activity are protective against pregnancy-induced hypertension onset among rural women from Democratic republic of Congo. Method: This hospital-based and longitudinal study was carried out within the rural hospital of Kimpese; DR Congo were monitored from January 1st to March 31st 2003 on basis of demographic; diet; physical activity; anthropometry; and blood pressure till the onset of types of pregnancy-induced hypertension and delivery. Results: Out of 238 black pregnants; the incidence risk of arterial hypertension was 4.6(n=11) whose 2.9with Pre-Eclampsia and 1.7with transient hypertension.Gestity; parity and birth weight of infants were significantly lower among hypertensive mothers; while positive family history and presence of oedemas were more elevated among hypertensive pregnantsThe onset of Pre Eclampsia was higher within vendors and inactive women as well as among vegetarians (3.1) than women with diet high in meat (9.7).Pre Eclampsia occurred more (p

Diets Rich in Vegetables and Physical Activity are Associated with a Decreased Risk of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension among Rural Women from Kimpese; DR Congo

Background:To assess whether the frequency pf pregnancy-induced hypertension is low; and vegetables intake and physical activity are protective against pregnancy-induced hypertension onset among rural women from Democratic republic of Congo. Method: This hospital-based and longitudinal study was carried out within the rural hospital of Kimpese; DR Congo were monitored from January 1st to March 31st 2003 on basis of demographic; diet; physical activity; anthropometry; and blood pressure till the onset of types of pregnancy-induced hypertension and delivery. Results: Out of 238 black pregnants; the incidence risk of arterial hypertension was 4.6(n=11) whose 2.9with Pre-Eclampsia and 1.7with transient hypertension.Gestity; parity and birth weight of infants were significantly lower among hypertensive mothers; while positive family history and presence of oedemas were more elevated among hypertensive pregnantsThe onset of Pre Eclampsia was higher within vendors and inactive women as well as among vegetarians (3.1) than women with diet high in meat (9.7).Pre Eclampsia occurred more (p