Relation entre pollution des eaux de sources; forages et maladies hydriques enregistrees au Centre Hospitalier Dominicain Saint Martin de Porres (CHDSMP) du quartier Mvog-Betsi a Yaounde

OBJECTIFS : Mesurer les indices de contamination bacteriologique de l'eau des sources et forages de Mvog-Betsi; et rechercher une relation entre ces indices et le nombre de maladies hydriques enregistrees au Centre Hospitalier Dominicain Saint Martin de Porres (CHDSMP) de ce quartier de Yaounde. MeTHODES Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective et prospective; basee d'une part sur les statistiques des maladies hydriques enregistrees au CHDSMP; et d'autre part sur l'analyse bacteriologique de l'eau des sources et forages consommees par la population. Nous avons utilise la technique de Presence-Absence puis le denombrement apres inondation sur gelose specifique pour la culture des bacteries. L'identification bacterienne a ete faite par la galerie RapIDTM ONE. ReSULTATS Nous avons constate que presque tous les habitants de Mvog Betsi buvaient de l'eau issue des puits ou des sources ou des forages. D'autre part; les eaux de sources et de forages de Mvog-Betsi etaient toutes polluees. En effet; le denombrement des Escherichia coli; indice de pollution fecale dans toutes les eaux; a ete anormal; ce qui revele un probable danger pour la sante. Les statistiques des maladies hydriques enregistrees en 2012 au CHDSMP montrent que 1752 habitants de Mvog Betsi ont souffert de ces maladies contre 2576 qui avaient d'autres pathologies. Au premier trimestre 2013; il ya eu 272 cas de maladies hydriques sur un total de 766 habitants de Mvog-Betsi venues consulter. CONCLUSION Il y a une relation claire entre la pollution des eaux de source; forages et les maladies hydriques enregistrees au CHDSMP du quartier Mvog-Betsi

Microbiological Analysis of Sachet Drinking Water Marketed at Two Sites in Aliero; Kebbi State; Nigeria

Sachet drinking water; often called as 'pure water' is generally accepted safe for consumption. Ten brands of sachet water are mainly marketed at Kebbi State University of Science et Technology (KSUST) campus and Onion Market of Aliero (AOM). Seven of these are NAFDAC registered. Bacteriological analysis of 50 samples of each of the sachet drinking water samples was carried out to determine the potability of the sampled water. Standard conventional methods were employed for the detection of coliforms (viable count; presumptive coliform count by multiple tube method and confirm coliforms count) and other bacteria. Biochemical analysis as well as microscopic examination was performed for sediments and other debris and/or bacteria; protozoa and other fungal hyphae. Bacteriological analysis of the samples from both sites revealed the presence of pathogens (log 10cfu/ml) viz. Shigella spp. (3.41; 3.31); Salmonella spp. (2.10; 2.05); Staphylococcus aureus (5.04; 5.09); Streptococcus spp. (4.76; 4.80); Bacillus spp. (5.12; 5.10); E. coli (2.0; 1.93) and Yeasts (3.13; 4.00). Most of the sachet water brands fell below WHO drinking water standards and are therefore; of doubtful quality. Out of the ten brand samples tested; four samples showed the presence of contamination in the form of high number of coliforms and occurrence of intestinal pathogens.This indicates that the 'pure water' available in the University campus and Onion market are unfit for human consumption due to their inability to meet up with NAFDAC (2010) and WHO (2011) standard. Efforts need to be intensified in the monitoring of activities in this rapidly expanding industry with a view to raising standards