Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis isolated from individuals attending STD clinics in Kampala, Uganda

Background: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) management in sub-Saharan Africa is syndromic but molecular diagnostics provide quicker, sensitive diagnosis and treatment. Effective STD control hinges on identification and treatment of infected persons and sexual partner contact tracing. Objectives: This study assessed feasibility of using the Xpert CT/NG test to identify prevalent Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhea (NG) infections among STD clinic attendees and their sexual partners and tested for antimicrobial resistance for N. gonorrhea. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 4 outpatient STD clinics in Kampala, Uganda from February 2019 to October 2019. Participants received a syndromic diagnosis, were tested for NG and CT, as well as their sexual partners. Urine (men) and high vaginal swabs (women) were collected, examined using Xpert CT/NG assay. A total of 79 participants were enrolled at baseline of whom 25 had CT/NG. 21 partners of infected baseline participants and 7 partners of the 21 primary partners were enrolled. Results: The mean age of the reported sexual partners was 26 (18-43) years. The prevalence of NG was 25% at baseline and 18 % for CT. Nine (11.4%) people were dually infected. Men were more likely to have NG (p<0.001) at multivariable level. Two participants tested HIV-1 positive. On microbiological culture, 8 samples (2.5%) grew NG, and all were resistant to penicillin, ciprofloxacin. For CT, we found a preponderance of the F-serovar in this population. Conclusion: The most prevalent organism was Neisseria gonorrhea. Generally, the prevalence of CT and NG was high. Infection proportions increased among primary partners, particularly women. Etiologic testing without partner tracing and treatment may underestimate burden of CT/NG in this population and contribute to re-infection

Urétrite gonococcique: preuve bactériologique de la circulation de N. gonorrhoeae dans la ville de Bukavu et revue de la littérature

Nous décrivons un cas d'urétrite gonococcique chez un patient de 31 ans qui a consulté après qu'il a eu une mictalgie et un écoulement urétral purulent, une semaine après de relations sexuelles non-protégées. Sont abordés par après le diagnostic de confirmation bactériologique, la toute première à Bukavu, la sensibilité de la souche aux antibiotiques (Ceftriaxone et Ciprofloxacine) et une brève revue de la littérature sur le Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Gonococcal Isolates in Pretoria; South Africa; Over a 20-Year Period (1984-2004)

Abstract:This paper reviews the susceptibility profiles of Neisseria gonorrhoeae over a 20-year period in the Pretoria region. Endourethral specimens were collected from adult men with symptoms of urethritis attending primary health care clinics and private medical practitioners. These swabs were plated on enriched media for isolation of N. gonorrhoeae. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the organisms was performed using the disc diffusion and agar dilution methods. Plasmid analyses were performed on beta-lactamase-producing isolates. Penicillase-producing N. gonorrhoeae strains increased from 4 to 16; whilst chromosomally mediated penicillin-resistant strains increased dramatically from 0 to 16 from 1984 to 2004. There was an equal distribution of the 3.2 MDa African and 4.4 MDa Asian plasmids. High-level tetracycline-resistant strains (36) were detected for the first time in 2004. Ciprofloxacin resistance emerged at 7 in the same year. Gonococcal isolates remained susceptible to cefoxitin; ceftriaxone; cefpodoxime; and spectinomycin. However; the minimum inhibitory concentration values for spectinomycin were very close to the breakpoint. We have shown a continuing increase in resistance to penicillin (plasmid and chromosomal); the emergence of high-level tetracycline resistance and an emergence of resistance to ciprofloxacin. Susceptibility testing is essential for successful therapeutic outcomes and needs to be performed in an ongoing basis

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoea in Kumasi

Between January - December 1992; three hundred and fifty six (356) isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from clinical material were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital; Kumasi. Ceftriaxone; Cefuroxime; and Norfloxacin showed high activity against the gonococcus (95-100 per cent sensitivity). Seventy-eight per cent (78 per cent) of the isolates were sensitive to Spectinomycin. a low activity was exhibited by the commonly used antimicrobials; i.e. Penicillin 8.5 per cent; Tetracycline 2.5 per cent; Cotrimozale 3 per cent; Erythromycin 8.5 per cent; and Chloramphenicol 10 per cent

Les aspects epidemiologiques des maladies sexuellement transmissibles (MST) dans le service de dermato-venerologie du CHU-Tokoin Lome

Une etude retrospective; sur dossiers de patients vus en cinq ans de consultation dans le service de dermato-venereologie du CHU-Tokoin; a ete menee afin de determiner le profil epidemiologique des MST. 587 patients sur 6.600 consultants pendant cette periode (soit 8;98 pour cent) avaient une MST. Les condylomes viennent en tete (43;9 pour cent); suivis du chancre mou (17 pour cent); de la gonococcie (10;9 pour cent); de la syphilis (8;7 pour cent); de l'herpes genital (6;1 pour cent). Le sexe-ratio est de 6;23 pour cent. 89 pour cent de nos patients ont moins de 34 ans. Les eleves et les etudiants; et les couches defavorisees (ouvriers et sans emploi) sont les plus atteints (67;50 pour cent). Les MST sont plus frequentes aux mois de septembre et janvier

Prevalence et antosensibilite des gonoccoques isoles a Niamey : analyse de 6.608 prelevements genitaux

Un bilan de la recherche de neisseria gonorrhoeae dans 6.608 prelevements genitaux effectues de 1985 a 1992; a Niamey est presente. Ce germe a ete isole 624 fois; soit une prevalence globale de 9;44 pour cent. Quant aux antibiogrammes; pour les 17 antibiotiques retenus; l'on constate de grandes variations dans la frequence de leur utilisation. Cela n'a pas permis de tirer des conclusions generalisables sur les taux d'efficacite de chacun de ces produits sur le gonocoque. Celui-ci semble cependant plus frequemment sensible au chloramphenicol; aux cyclines et a l'oleandomycine

L'association ampicilline-sulbactam; une alternative interessante dans le traitement des infections gonococciques non compliquees

Devant l'importance des resistances des gonocoques aux penicillines et aux tetracyclines au Cameroun; il est necessaire de proposer de nouvelles therapeutiques anti-infectieuses. L'association ampicilline-sulbactam a ete testee chez 15 sujets dans les gonococcies recentes non compliquees. Ce traitement minute par voie intramusculaire etait administre apres confirmation du diagnostic d'infection gonococcique par un examen bacteriologique direct colore par la methode de Gram. Au 7eme jour; 14 patients sur 16 etaient gueris cliniquement et bacteriologiquement. La tolerence a ete bonne; seuls 3 malades se sont plaints d'effets indesirables mineurs transitoires. L'association ampicilline-sulbactum constitue une alternative simple et adaptee au traitement des infections gonococciques recentes non compliquees de l'adulte

The treatment of male gonococcal urethritis using doxycycline (vibramycin) at Kasangati Health Centre

It should be sounded that doxycycline has a role in the control of gonorrhoea because of its one day course of treatment at a much lower dosage than the other tetracyclines particularly when there is lowered sensitivity to penicillin or allergy. In the usual dosage effective against gonnococcal infection; it does not mask concurrent leutic infections