Relation entre pollution des eaux de sources; forages et maladies hydriques enregistrees au Centre Hospitalier Dominicain Saint Martin de Porres (CHDSMP) du quartier Mvog-Betsi a Yaounde

OBJECTIFS : Mesurer les indices de contamination bacteriologique de l'eau des sources et forages de Mvog-Betsi; et rechercher une relation entre ces indices et le nombre de maladies hydriques enregistrees au Centre Hospitalier Dominicain Saint Martin de Porres (CHDSMP) de ce quartier de Yaounde. MeTHODES Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective et prospective; basee d'une part sur les statistiques des maladies hydriques enregistrees au CHDSMP; et d'autre part sur l'analyse bacteriologique de l'eau des sources et forages consommees par la population. Nous avons utilise la technique de Presence-Absence puis le denombrement apres inondation sur gelose specifique pour la culture des bacteries. L'identification bacterienne a ete faite par la galerie RapIDTM ONE. ReSULTATS Nous avons constate que presque tous les habitants de Mvog Betsi buvaient de l'eau issue des puits ou des sources ou des forages. D'autre part; les eaux de sources et de forages de Mvog-Betsi etaient toutes polluees. En effet; le denombrement des Escherichia coli; indice de pollution fecale dans toutes les eaux; a ete anormal; ce qui revele un probable danger pour la sante. Les statistiques des maladies hydriques enregistrees en 2012 au CHDSMP montrent que 1752 habitants de Mvog Betsi ont souffert de ces maladies contre 2576 qui avaient d'autres pathologies. Au premier trimestre 2013; il ya eu 272 cas de maladies hydriques sur un total de 766 habitants de Mvog-Betsi venues consulter. CONCLUSION Il y a une relation claire entre la pollution des eaux de source; forages et les maladies hydriques enregistrees au CHDSMP du quartier Mvog-Betsi

Microbiological Water Quality Monitoring in a Resource-Limited Urban Area: a Study in Cameroon; Africa

In resource-limited developing nations; such as Cameroon; the expense of modern water-quality monitoring techniques is prohibitive to frequent water testing; as is done in the developed world. Inexpensive; shelf-stable 3MT PetrifilmT Escherichia coli/Coliform Count Plates potentially can provide significant opportunity for routine water-quality monitoring in the absence of infrastructure for state-of-the-art testing. We used shelf-stable E. coli/coliform culture plates to assess the water quality at twenty sampling sites in Kumbo; Cameroon. Culture results from treated and untreated sources were compared to modern bacterial DNA pyrosequencing methods using established bioinformatics and statistical tools. Petrifilms were reproducible between replicates and sampling dates. Additionally; cultivation on Petrifilms suggests that treatment by the Kumbo Water Authority (KWA) greatly improves water quality as compared with untreated river and rainwater. The majority of sequences detected were representative of common water and soil microbes; with a minority of sequences (40) identified as belonging to genera common in fecal matter and/or causes of human disease. Water sources had variable DNA sequence counts that correlated significantly with the culture count data and may therefore be a proxy for bacterial load. Although the KWA does not meet Western standards for water quality (less than one coliform per 100 mL); KWA piped water is safer than locally available alternative water sources such as river and rainwater. The culture-based technology described is easily transferrable to resource-limited areas and provides local water authorities with valuable microbiological safety information with potential to protect public health in developing nations

Microbial and Chemical analysis of potable water in public­water supply within Lagos University, Ojo

Water samples were collected especially into sterile containers at four designated pints within the Lagos State University; Ojo Campus. The water samples were immediately subjected to both chemical and microbiological analysis in order to evaluate the quality of potable water in circulation within the university and identify its sources of contami- nation. Levels of iron; calcium and magnesium detectable in the circulating drinking water were far below the WHO recommended limits. However; more potentially dangerous discovery was the level of Coliform contamination which far exceeds the WHO standards. This explains the high incidence of water-borne diseases such as Dysentry; Diarrhea; Typhoid fever within the university population. Meanwhile; other microorganisms detected were E. coli; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; yeasts and moulds. The pH of potable water in circulation falls within recommended limits (6.0-8.0) but for faculty of arts and social sciences that had pH of 5.5 which suggested a high degree of public health concern. There is the need for adequate changes to be made at points where water distribution systems integrity appeared compromised. The university community is advised to boil water before drinking in order to avoid consumption of unwholesome biological agents in the water distribution

Profil physico-chimique et bacteriologique des eaux brutes de la riviere Lukaya

Les analyses physico-chimiques et bacteriologiques effectuees sur les echantillons d'eau brute de la riviere Lukaya en 1992 et 1993; ont permis d'evaluer le niveau de pollution de la riviere et de la classifier en se referant aux normes internationales. L'etude a revele que la riviere appartient a la classe 2 que ces eaux necessitent une filiere de traitement adequate pour leur epuration a des fins domestiques

Profil physico-chimique et bacteriologique des eaux brutes de la riviere Lukaya

Les analyses physico-chimiques et bacteriologiques effectuees sur les echantillons d'eau brute de la riviere Lukaya en 1992 et 1993; ont permis d'evaluer le niveau de pollution de la riviere et de la classifier en se referant aux normes internationales. L'etude a revele que la riviere appartient a la classe 2 et que ces eaux necessitent une filiere de traitement adequate pour leur epuration a des fins domestiques

A propos de l'eau potable dans la zone de sante de Mont Amba

L'accessibilite a l'eau potable dans les zones peripheriques de la ville de Kinshasa apparait faible. La qualite aussi laisse fort a desirer. Les auteurs ont evalue la qualite de l'eau potable a travers la zone de sante du Mont Amba en selectionnant 4 points de prelevements couvrant les differents modes d'approvisionnement: source; puits; et robinets. Les resultats des analyses physico-chimiques et bacteriologiques ont revele que les echantillons d'eau preleves ne satisfont pas pas aux normes tel que definies par l'OMS. Des recommandations ont ete formulees pour ameliorer cette situation

A case-control study of the effect of environmental sanitation on diarrhoea morbidity in Malawi

A case-control design has been applied in the evaluation of improved environmental sanitation on diarrhoeal diseases in rural Malawi. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using such an approach to evaluate two levels of water supply and sanitation service quickly and at moderate cost. Sample sizes would need to be increased substantially to evaluate multiple levels of service or to investigate interactions between water supply and sanitation. The results indicate that children living in families who use good quality water supplies and latrines experience 20 percent less diarrhoea as reported to the health clinics during the warm; rainy season