Déterminants de l'introduction du poisson dans l'alimentation des enfants âgés de 6-23 mois en milieu urbain au Burkina Faso / NA

L'accumulation du capital humain commence dès l'enfance à travers une alimentation adéquate. Pour les pays en développement généralement caractériséspar la malnutrition infantile, la consommation du poisson constitue une opportunité pour améliorer le statut nutritionnel des enfants de 6-23 mois. Cet article vise à identifier les déterminants de l'introduction du poisson dans l'alimentation du jeune enfant. Pour y parvenir, des données ont été collectées auprès de 360 dans la la ville de Bobo-Dioulassoà travers une enquêtetransversale. Les données ont été principalement analysées à l'aide d'un modèle Logit simple. Selon les résultats, 76,9% des mères interrogées ont déjà introduit le poisson dans l'alimentation de l'enfanttandis que 43,1%ont donné du poisson au cours des 24 dernières heures précédant l'enquête. Des facteurs tels que la dépense journalière du ménage en poisson, l'âge de la mère de l'enfantet d'autres déterminantsont été identifiés comme ayant un impact significatif sur la pratique alimentaire. Les résultats obtenus plaident en faveur d'une intensification des politiques de pêche par la promotion de ce sous secteur économiqueà travers des actions de renforcement des capacités techniques, opérationnelles et institutionnelles des acteurs de la pêcheafin d'accroître l'offre nationale du poisson.En conclusion, l'étude permet de retenir que les interventions publiques de développement qui visent à améliorer les revenus des populations pauvres constituent des opportunités pour améliorer la consommation du poisson chez lesjeunes enfants.Mots clés: capital humain, poisson, enfants de 6-23 mois, Burkina Faso

The accumulation of human capital begins in childhood with adequate nutrition. For developing countries characterized by childhood malnutrition, fish consumption represents an opportunity to improve the nutritional status of children aged 6-23 months. This article aims to identify the determinants of the introduction of fish to young's children's diets. To achieve this, data was collected from 360 households in Bobo-Dioulasso through a cross-sectional survey. Data was essentially analyzed by using a simple Logit model. According to the results, 76.9% of the mothers interviewed had already introduced fish into their child's diet while 43.1% gave fish during the last 24 hours preceding the survey. Factors such as daily household expenditure on fish, age of the child's mother and other determinants were identified as having a significant impact on feeding practice. The results argue for fishing policies intensification by promoting that economic sub-sector through actions which strengthen technical, operational and institutional capacities of fishing stakeholders in order to increase the national supply of fish. , the study shows that public development development interventions aim to enhance poor population's income represent opportunities to improve fish consumption among young children.

Microbial status of smoked fish, scombia scombia sold in Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria

As one of the common sources of protein available to man; fish is highly consumed due to its lower cholesterol content and price. So it forms a rich protein source for both poor and rich. As a part of checkmating the public health risks associated with this general dependence of the population on fish; the microbiological assessment of smoked fish; Scombia; scombia sold in Owerri was embarked on with the aim of ascertaining the microbial quality; the presence and prevalence of microorganisms of public health importance. A total of one hundred and eight (108) samples were collected from the smoking Factory; Open Market and Hawkers. These were analyzed microbiologically for viable heterotrophic bacteria and fungi count on Nutrient and Potato dextrose agar respectively; using pour plate method and coliform count in MacConkey broth by multiple tube method (MPN). The mean value results from the analysis revealed high microbial contamination in all the samples. The resultant data were analyzed statistically using randomized block design of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95 level of confidence and the difference were separated using the least significance difference (LSD). The mean results of viable heterotrophic bacteria and fungi count showed no significance difference for the collection sites; but the coliform mean results for the three sites showed marked variation at 95 level (P0.05). Identified bacteria; include: Staphylococcus aureus; E. coli; Bacillus sp.; Klebsiella sp.; whereas fungi are Penicillium sp.; Aspergilusl sp.; Fusarium violaceum; Biospora sp.; Candida sp; Botryodioplodia sp.; Alternania sp. This high level of microbial contamination can be traceable to handlers; and environment to which this fish is exposed during smoking and selling exercises; and considering the danger it portends to human health; public health and food safety authorities should intensify their monitoring efforts towards controlling such contamination

Health Problems Associated with Consumption of Fish and the Role of Acquatic Environments in the Transmission of Human diseases

The majority of the numerous fish parasites are harmless to man and many domestic animals because when eaten with their fish hosts; they are digested. However; some of the fish parasites with larval stages in freshwater or marine teleosts have zoonotic potential if eaten raw or partially cooked. These are usually parasites; which have a piscivorous mammalian carnivore as their normal final host and are able to infect man because of the low host specificity of the adult stage. The major groups of fish parasite that are known as potentially dangerous pathogens of man belong to the helminth groups cestoda; trematoda; nematoda and rarely acanthocephala. However; bacterial and viral disease of man transmitted through fish are not uncommon. Toxic substances; metals and insecticides used to control human diseases in aquatic environments may accumulate in fish in po1lluted waters at such levels as to constitute a health risk to the consumer. Other health problems associated with fish arise from its perishable nature for example; in adequate handling; processing and storage; which may lead to the accumulation of microbes enhancing the risk of food poisoning. The aquatic environment in Africa constitutes a breeding habitat to several vectors of human diseases such as mosquitoes; snails and black flies. This paper reviews the role played by fish in transmitting diseases to humans as well as the importance of the aquatic environments in the transmission of human diseases such as Malaria; Schistosomiasis and onchocerciasis

Etude de la valeur nutritive de trachurus-trachurus; variete maigre (Mpiodi)

Dans ce travail; les auteurs determinent la composition chimique de Trachurus-Trachurus; variete maigre; a cause de sa forte consommation comme source proteique principale au Zaire; plus particulierement a Kinshasa. Pour ce faire; differentes techniques analytiques ont ete utilisees en vue de la determination des substances chimiques essentielles suivantes: Ca; P; Na; Mg; K; K; Fe; Zn; Cu; Mn; et Co ainsi que de la valeur energetique. Le profil des constituants chimiques doses montre que le Trachurus-Trachurus; variete maigre; contient des taux relativement eleves en proteines et lipides et une valeur energetique plus elevee que bon nombre de poissons de meme espece