Socio-demographic characteristics of adults screened for HIV/AIDS in a rural community in Benue state, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Background: Benue state has been considered among the `hot zones' for HIV/AIDS in Nigeria with a prevalence rate of 9.3 among adults aged 15 to 45 years. Yet; there is paucity of information on the socio-demographic factors associated with this level of prevalence. We hereby report the prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with HIV among adults in Abwa-Mbagene; Benue state; Nigeria. Methods: Adults in Abwa-Mbagene community who accepted to participate between 9th and 24th of August 2007 were recruited. After counselling; screening was done using `Determine HIV' kit. Results: 153 subjects (74 males and 79 females) were recruited. Their age ranges from 15 to 60 years (Mean 26.2years). Fourty-two (27.5) consisting of 12 (16.2) males and 30 (38) females were positive for HIV (male to female ratio; 25). The prevalence of HIV was higher among the divorcees (50); those whose level of education was primary school (41.3) and below and; farmers (60). Majority (96) knows AIDS exists; 85are informed on mode and prevention of HIV transmission. Cases of AIDS deaths; unprotected casual sex; blood transfusion with unscreened blood and polygamy are common in the community. The single most important cultural factors in HIV transmission identified is indulgence in night parties; which increased the rate of unprotected casual sex. Conclusion: This community represents a high HIV/AIDS prevalence spot in Benue State; Nigeria. There is therefore the need for the establishment of HIV Counselling and Testing (HCT); Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT); save blood and antiretroviral treatment services in the community. Vocational centers to engage single women and improve their financial state will boost preventive strategies. Finally; partnership with community leaders towards discouraging night parties will reduce the prevalence of HIV in the community