ABSTRACT
Background: Exposure to ionizing radiation is known to have various effects on hematological parameters of biological sample. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of ionizing radiation on some hematological parameters in guinea pigs
Materials and Methods: Thirty-six [36] apparently healthy adult guinea pigs of both sexes weighing between 700g - 1200g were used in the present study. The guinea pigs were categorized into three groups, 12 per group; group A [control], group B, and C were exposed to X-rays within the diagnostic range, using 70 kV and 12.5mAs; using X-ray machine MS-185, serial no. 0904 GE at a source to skin distance [SSD] of 90cm. Blood samples were collected from all the guinea pigs at intervals of 1 hour, 24 hours 72 hours, 168 hours and 336 hours post-irradiation, and subjected to standard hematological analysis
Results: A continuous decline in the mean total white blood cell count and mean lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil count after 1hour in both groups was observed, and more pronounced after 24 hours post-irradiation. However, stability was observed 72 hours post-irradiation in both groups
Conclusion: This study found a depleting effect of low dose ionizing radiation on white blood cell count, with appreciable recovery occurring after 72 hours onward
ABSTRACT
Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most important and prevalent bacterium isolated from clinical cases especially from hospitalized patients. Recent studies have focused on multiple drug resistant Kpneumoniae strains. In this survey, drug resistance in clinical isolates was studied with special reference to extended spectrum b-lactamase. A total of 303 Kpneumoniae strains isolated from hospitalized patients were initially surveyed for drug resistance by disc diffusion method. The resistance of the isolated strains to different antibiotics was determined by E-test. b-lactamase production was tested with nitrocephin discs and extended spectrum b-lactamase assays were performed with double disc synergy tests. From the total of 303 Kpneumoniae isolates tested, 62, [20.4%], showed multi drug resistance, [MDR]. All of these MDR strains were positive for nitrocephin test, indicating b-lactamase production. Double disc synergy tests results showed production of extended spectrum b-lactamase in all MDR isolates. Detection of 20.4% MDR strains, especially extended spectrum b-lactamase, from K. pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients, emphasizes the potential dangers of the widespread usage of extended spectrum cephalosporins. It also necessitates conduction of a wider study to determine the nationwide incidence of K. pneumoniae