ABSTRACT
Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections caused by E.coli that have virulence properties including the expression of specific adhesions, toxins such as haemolysin, also the serum resistance, gelatinase production and The P fimbriae which considered an essential virulence factor causing pyelonephritis and encoded by The pyelonephritis-associated pilus [pap] operon. This work aimed to detect the association of some virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli [UPEC] strains: cell surface hydrophobicity, haemolysin production, serum resistance, gelatinase production, extended spectrum beta lactamase production and pap adhesion encoding operon gene which is responsible for adhesion of E.coli to uroepithelium. This work was carried out on 80 patients [27males and 53 females, their ages ranged from 15 to 60 years old] attending the Outpatient Clinic of Urology Department of Benha University Hospital suffering from urinary tract infection [UTI]. 80 Urine samples [patients group] and 20 stool samples [control group] were subjected for isolation and identification of UPEC and commensal E.coli respectively. Antibiogram by disc diffusion method, detection of some virulence factors and pap gene by PCR were done for all isolated E.coli strains. UPEC was the most common isolated bacteria 50[62.5%]. 33 [66%] of UPEC strains show resistance to ampicillin [10 micro g], 45 [90%] of UPEC strains show sensitivity to amikacin [30 micro g]. In commensal E.coli strains: 12[60%] strains show resistance to ampicillin[10 micro g] while 20 [100%] strains were sensitivity to gentamycin [10 micro g]. 23 [46%] of UPEC strains were hydrophobic, 12 [24%] strains were haemolysin producers, 31 [62%] strains were serum resistant, 1[2%] strain liquefied gelatin and 26 [52%]strains were extended spectrum beta lactamase production [ESBL]. In commensal E.coli strains: 9 [45%] strains were hydrophobic, 3 [15%] strains were haemolysin producers, 11 [55%] strains were serum resistant, no [0%] strain liquefied gelatin and 8 [40%] strains were ESBL. In UPEC; 36 [72%] strains had PAP gene while 12 [60 %] strains of commensal E.coli had PAP gene. It can be concluded that pap gene plays an important role in virulence of UPEC
ABSTRACT
The present work aims to study the schistosomicidal and side effects of two antibilharzial drugs, the Praziquantel and Anthiomaline beside Fasinex which is used in this field for the first time and was effective in the treatment of fascioliasis. For this purpose, eight groups each of 30 mice were selected, then four groups were infected with S. mansoni cercariae. The treatment started at seven weeks postinfestation when the eggs were detected in the faeces for groups [I, II and III]. Praziquantel, [7.5 mg / mouse] and Fasinex [0.02 ml/mouse] were given per os as a single dose while Anthiomaline [6.5 mg / mouse] was given intramuscularly 3 injections / week for three weeks. The sacrifice of 8 mice for each group was carried out at one week post - treatment for worm load and biochemical analysis of SGOT and SGPT and after four weeks for histopathological examination of the liver and counting worms. The results showed that Praziquantel reduced the worm load by 97.65% and 99.73% at one and four weeks post treatment and had no destructive effect on normal liver function or hepatic-tissues. Also, it improved the liver function and the pathological picture of the liver, leaving only fibrosed egg granulomes, in the infected mice. Anthiomalin reduced the worm load by 81.86% and 96.27% after the same periods. It had slight destructive effect on the liver function in both normal and infected mice [elevation of SGOT and SGPT, also produced some swelling, vacuolation and hydropic changes in the hepatocytes of these groups]. Fasinex reduced the worm load by 52% and 60.33%. It had slight destructive effect in the liver function for normal and infected groups, but the drug had no toxic effect on the liver tissues in these groups