[Comparison of perfectionism, aggression and coping styles in patients with migraine and tension-type headaches and healthy individuals]

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to the compare perfectionism, aggression and coping styles in patients with migraine and tension-type headache and healthy individuals

Methods: In this casual-comparative method study, the studied sample consisted of 42 patients with tension-type headache diagnosis, 40 patients with migraine headache selected among those referred to medical centers and mental hospitals in Ardabil, Iran, and 41 healthy individuals matched with the other two groups according to gender and educational level. The Perfectionism scale, Aggression scale, and Stress Coping Styles scale were used. In addition, the intensity and frequency indexes were collected. Data were analyzed using multivariable analysis of variance [MANOVA]

Results: There were significant differences in perfectionism, aggression, and cognitive-avoidance coping style mean scores between both the patients with migraine and tension-type headaches with healthy individuals. No significant differences were observed between three groups in behavioral coping style scores

Conclusion: Maladaptive perfectionism, aggression and dysfunctional coping styles are associated with the severity of migraine and tension-type headaches. These results have important implications in explaining the role of personality variables in headaches

Prevalence of Linguatula serrata nymphs in slaughtered goats in Isfahan province

Linguatula serrata, a tongue worm, is an aberrant cosmopolitan parasite, which inhabits the canine respiratory system [final host]. The discharged eggs infect many plant feeder, including ruminants and human being, that produce visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis which is known as Marrara syndrome in man. In the current study, the prevalence rate of infection with L. serrata nymphs in mesenteric and mediastinal lymph nodes [MLNs] of slaughtered goats was investigated by cutting in MLNs and observing them in Isfahan Province, Iran. The MLNs of 620 slaughtered goats, including 197 females and 423 males, after the preparation of the lymph nodes, were examined for L. serrate nymphs by cutting them longitudinally and testing them by using a dissecting microscope for L. serrata nymphs. Then, in the suspected cases, the samples were digested by pepsin and hydrochloric acid and were examined for presence of L. serrate nymphs. Goats were categorized into four age groups, including < 1.5 year, 1.5 to 2.5 years, 2.5 to 3.5 years, and > 3.5 years. The results showed that 54.35% of the examined goats were infected with L. serrata. Sex had no significant effect on the prevalence rate of this parasite in goats. Ahigh prevalence rate of infection in goats suggests a possible similar high rate of infection in other animals and man in the investigated area, which emphasizes undertaking strict control measures to reduce the risk of zoonotic outbreaks

Extract and leaf powder effect of Artemisia annua on performance, cellular and humoral immunity in broilers

The effects of methanolic extract and leaf powder of Artemisia annua were studied on performance, cellular and humoral immunity in 240 Cobb broiler chicks in a completely randomized design. Control group did not receive any treatment. The chicks in the second and third groups were fed with feed which contained 2000 and 4000 ppm plant extract in diet and in the groups 4, 5 and 6 chicks received 0.5, 1 and 1.5% of dietary Artemisia annua leaf powder, respectively. Daily feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio [performance] were measured. Skin response to phytohemagglutinin-P [PHA-P] injected intradermally on day 16 was measured 24 and 48 h after injection. The birds were immunized with sheep red blood cells [SRBC] on days 8 and 22 of age and serum antibody levels produced in response to SRBC were measured on days 21, 28, 35 and 42. The weights of thymus and bursa of fabricius were also measured after slaughter. The results indicated that plant extract and leaf powder increased daily weight gain and reduced daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio [P<0.05]. Plant extract and leaf powder increased cellular immunity on PHA-P injection after 24 and 48 h [P<0.05]. Artemisia annua extract and leaf powder increased total anti-SRBC and IgG titer in experimental groups compared to control group [P<0.05]. Thymus and bursa of fabricius weights were increased in treatment groups [P<0.05]. It is concluded that Artemisia annua extract and leaf powder increases performance, cellular and humoral immunity of broilers

[Emotion regulation strategies in substance abusers with high and low reactivity]

Reactivity and negative emotion regulation strategies increased the proboblity substance abuse. Also, those persons who could not control ones arousals probability endangared more risk of substance abuse. Comparison the emotion of regulation strategies between substance abusers with high and low reactivity. In this cross sectional and analytical study, 100 people were selected through census sample method among the substance abusers who were referred to centers of addiction in Ardabil. Data was gathered by emotion cognitive regulation Scale and Interpersonal Reactivity Index. MANOVA were used to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that substance abusers with high reactivity have negative emotion regulation strategies and substance abusers with low reactivity have positive emotion regulation strategies. This Study indicated that high reactivity and use of negative Emotion regulation strategies are the risk factors for substance abuse

relationship of emotional responses and positive and negative symptoms with quality of life in schizophrenic patients

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder that were emotional responses and positive and negative symptoms role of playing in prognosis in schizophrenia. The studies results showed that emotional responses, positive and negative symptoms are important factors that impact quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. Determination the relationship of emotional responses, positive and negative symptoms with quality of life in schizophrenic patients.:This research was a descriptive correlation study. The Sample consisted of 100 patients with of schizophrenia who were selected among who were referred to Psychaitric Centers of Tehran. Collected with the Emotional Responses Scale, Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale and Quality of Life Scale were use. Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses. The results of pearson correlation coefficients showed that positive emotional responses [r=0.02] positive symptoms [r=-0/04] and negative symptoms [r=-0.042] and related to are quality of life in schizophrenia patients [P <0.001]. The results of multiple regression showed that negative symptoms, had significant contribute in prediction of quality of life in schizophrenia patients. The results are in keeping with findings from other studies, the results indicated that role of positive emotional responses and positive and negative symptoms in quality of life of schizophrenia patients

[ relationship of fatigue and hostility with health in patients with coronary artery disease]

Fatigue and hostility can be influence quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease. Investigation the relationship of fatigue and hostility with quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease. The samples consisted of 60 coronary heart disease patients which were selected among all coronary artery disease persons who had referred to Heshmat Hospital in Rasht. For gathering data were used. Choreic Fatigue Scale, Hostility Scale and Health survey. Data was analysed by using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that fatigue [r=-.64] and hostility [r= -.25] are related to quality of life [P<0.05]. The results of multiple regression showed that physical fatigue, is the best significant contribute in prediction of quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease. These results are in keeping with findings from other studies and indicated that the role of fatigue and hostility in quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease

role of attachment styles and defense mechanisms in discriminating cigarette smoker students from non-smokers

Background and Purpose: It is believed that insecure attachment styles and immature defense mechanisms render individuals vulnerable to cigarette and substance use; these people experience more negative emotions and have fewer options for reducing psychological distresses. The aim of the present research was to investigate the role of attachment styles defense mechanisms and health status in discriminating cigarette-smoker students from non-smokers

Methods and Materials: This research is a case-control study. The research sample consisted of 100 cigarette-smoker and 100 non-smoker students selected from among the students of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Data collection was done through the use of Attachment Styles Scale Defense Style Questionnaire and General Health Survey. In order to analyze the data discriminant analysis was used in SPSS 14

Results: The results indicated that 71 percent of the variance of insecurity of attachment style immature defense mechanisms and health status can account for the only function between groups of smokers and non-smokers. The discriminant function obtained was classified correctly with the concurrent method for 94.5% of smokers and through step-by-step method for 93.5% of non-smokers

Conclusion: The results indicated that cigarette-smoking and nonsmoking university students can be discriminated through their immature defense mechanisms insecure attachment styles and health status

[ relationship of metacognition and perfectionism with psychological consequences in the addicts]

Metacognition and perfectionism may have particular relevance in cognitive consequences of substance use. Substance use is an effective means of rapidly modifying cognitive events such as feelings, thoughts, or memories. The purpose of the present study was to assess the relationship of metacognition and positive or negative perfectionism with psychological consequences in the substance dependent patients. This was a retrospective correlation study. The sample consisted of 75 substance dependent men selected from the Hamedan city self-representative center for treatment of substance dependence. Wales' Metacognition Questionniare [short form], Terry and Short Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale and Addiction Psychological Consequences Checklist were administered to them. Metacognition [r=0.65], positive perfectionism [r=-0.29] and negative perfectionism [r=0.66], were all in significant correlation with psychological consequences. Multiple regression analysis also revealed s that metacognition, negative perfectionism and positive perfectionism could explain at least 54 percent of the variance of psychological consequences. High levels of metacognition and negative perfectionism can increase the adverse psychological consequences, while a high level of positive perfectionism may decrease those consequences. The results are fairly in keeping with findings of other studies