Prediction of daily suspended sediment load using wavelet and neuro-fuzzy combined model

This study investigated the prediction of suspended sediment load in a gauging station in the USA by neuro-fuzzy, conjunction of wavelet analysis and neuro-fuzzy as well as conventional sediment rating curve models. In the proposed wavelet analysis and neuro-fuzzy model, observed time series of river discharge and suspended sediment load were decomposed at different scales by wavelet analysis. Then, total effective time series of discharge and suspended sediment load were imposed as inputs to the neuro-fuzzy model for prediction of suspended sediment load in one day ahead. Results showed that the wavelet analysis and neuro-fuzzy model performance was better in prediction rather than the neuro-fuzzy and sediment rating curve models. The wavelet analysis and neuro-fuzzy model produced reasonable predictions for the extreme values. Furthermore, the cumulative suspended sediment load estimated by this technique was closer to the actual data than the other one. Also, the model could be employed to simulate hysteresis phenomenon, while sediment rating curve method is incapable in this event

[Comparison of salivary calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase in children with severe, moderate caries and caries free in Tehran's kindergarthens]

The most common dental disease in childhood is dental caries. This study was carried out to recognize the components of saliva which are protective factors in children in order to evaluate and predict caries susceptible and caries resistant individuals. A total of 75 subjects of either sex aged 3-5 years old from kindergartens in Tehran were selected and divided into 3 groups [case group: dmft>6, control group 1: 10.05]. However, the results showed that salivary phosphate and alkaline phosphatase in caries free group and calcium in the group with severe caries was somewhat more than those in other groups. Despite the results of the present study, the relationship between salivary components and caries rate in children remainslcontroversial. So, more and wide studies are necessary to achieve some practical criteria for predicting dental caries, recognition of susceptible persons and finally prevention of caries in children

[ case report of inflammatory pseudo tumor retroperitoneal]

Inflammatory pseudo tumor is a lesion of unknown etiology which has been reported in numerous anatomic sites. It frequently simulates a true neoplasm both clinically and morphologically presenting a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Inflammatory pseudo tumor appears as the most infrequent lesion in retro peritoneum. The patient was a 36-year-old female who came with colicky abdominal pain 8 months before admission. Constipation, decreased appetite and history of fever were other complaints. On P/E the patient had abdominal tenderness without palpable mass or organomegaly or lymphadenopathy. Blood samples were within normal values. Sonographic imaging showed 6x6 cm sized retroperitoneal mass without para-aortic lymphadenopathy. Abdominal CT scan also showed a retroperitoneal mass that laparatomy performed for biopsy and mass completely excised and was sent for pathology. Pathological report was compatible with inflammatory pseudo-tumor. Because of this diagnosis we followed up for 6 month but did not find any recurrence. A retroperitoneal mass could be a benign lesion in which all the complaints can be cured after resection of the mass by surgery

new therapeutic management in acute uncomplicated brucellosis: Comparison between three month- ofloxacin and doxycycline- based regimens

Human brucellosis is a common bacterial zoonosis in I.R.of Iran, and with current therapy has significant relapse rate and side effects. However, the optimal duration of therapy has not been determined and side effects cause poor compliance. This study focused on comparison between effects and complications of two therapeutic regimens. In this single-blind randomized trial, 78 uncomplicated brucellosis patients were recruited and allocated into two tails of study by fixed block allocation method. Patients of doxycycline tail were treated with streptomycin, doxycyline plus rifampin [streptomycin plus doxycycline for first month; and, doxycycline plus rifampin for second and third months]. Patients of ofloxacin tail were treated with streptomycin, ofloxacin plus rifampin [streptomycin plus ofloxacin for first month and ofloxacin plus rifampin for second and third months] for three months. Therapeutic outcome was evaluated by measuring efficacy, relapse rate and drugs' GI and skin side -effects. Active brucellosis diagnosed by serology [Wright and 2 ME tests] at the start, 3 and 6 month after drug therapy. The data were analyzed by stata 8.0 soft ware. The proportions were compared by fisher exact test. Significance level was 0.05. The results were reports as proportion [standard error]. At the end of the study, the curative results were similar in doxycycline and ofloxacin tail [100%]. The complication rate had Significant difference in doxycycline and ofloxacin tails, 48.6 +/- 8.3% versus 13.2 +/- 5.5%, respectively [p<0.001, fisher exact test]. The recurrence rate in both groups during six month follow up after complete treatment process was zero. It seems that duration is more important factor in the management of the brucellosis. Treatment of acute uncomplicated brucellosis in human for three month had no relapse and decreased side effects with ofloxacin included regimen

[Actinomycotic scalp pseudotumor]

Introduction and Objective: actinomycosis is an indulent, slowly progressive infection caused by anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria that normally colonize the mouth,colon and vagina.The most common location for diagnosed actinomycosis is the perimandibular region . Oral cervicofacial disease can be manifested as a mass lesion. Actinomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any mass lesion in the head and neck region. Bacteriologic identification from a sterile site or detection of sulfur granules accompanied by microorganism confirms the diagnosis

Case: this patient is a 11 old years boy that presented with nearly painless mass on right temporal area of the scalp and trismus that developed from ten days ago. Skull and brain CT scan showed a subcutaneous swelling without bone and brain extension. Blood indexes were normal except ESR that was 55mm in first hour. Pathology of complete mass excision showed actinomycosis and after high dose penicillin therapy parenteral route normalized ESR and the patient had not any problem in follow up

Conclusion : atinomycosis can manifest as a progressive painless mass of the scalp that easily diagnosed as a neoplasm