ABSTRACT
Background and Aims: Sonography has enjoyed much attention as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for carpal tunnel syndrome in recent years. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of anatomic variations of existence or absence of palmaris longus and fifth superficial flexor tendons on the sonographic measurement of median nerve surface area in healthy individuals' wrists
Methods: 93 volunteers without any symptoms related to carpal tunnel syndrome underwent clinical evaluation for determining presence of tendons in both wrists and also, sonographic measurement of median nerve surface area
Results: In 22 of 186 hands [11.82%], there was absence of the palmaris longus tendon and absence of the fifth flexor was noted in 8 [4.30%]. The median nerve surface area in the hands without palmaris longus was meaningfully less than the hands with it [P = 0.025], while the difference in the median nerve surface area was not statistically significant regarding the presence of the fifth flexor [P = 0.324]
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it seems that the median nerve surface, area as a sonographic finding, is probably related to presence or absence of the palmaris Longus tendon. So, those hands with the tendon present have larger surface areas. Also, it seems that this sonographic finding is not dependent on the presence of fifth superficial flexor tendon
ABSTRACT
Background and Aims: Diabetes is the most common cause of renal insufficiency throughout the world. The main cause of renal failure in diabetic patients is microvascular endothelial injuries that is secondary to atherosclerosis and ischemia. The efficacy of renal Doppler indices such as resistive index [RI] and pulsetile index [PI] for the evaluation of intrarenal arteries has been shown. This study was done to determine the accuracy of RI and PI indices in earlier detection of renal involvement in type II diabetes
Method: Sixty diabetic patients were divided into two groups of with microalbuminuria and without microalbuminuria. After determinig RI and PI, the two groups were compared by using independent t-test, fisher exact test and Pearson correlation and through SPSS 15
Results: A statistically significant correlation was found between RI and positivity of microalbuminuria [P= 0.013]. There was no correlation between RI and variables of age, sex and duration of diabetes. Moreover, 60% of cases without microalbuminuria had RI>0.7 that shows the diagnostic value of RI in earlier detection of renal failure in comparison to microalbuminoria test
Conclusion: Further studies for proving the efficacy of RI as the screening test for earlier detection of renal involvement in diabetes are recommended