ABSTRACT
Statement of Problem: Metal-ceramic crowns are most commonly used as the complete coverage restorations in clinical daily use. Disadvantages of conventional handmade wax-patterns introduce some alternative ways by means of CAD/CAM technologies
Purpose: This study compares the marginal and internal fit of copings cast from CAD/CAM and conventional fabricated wax-patterns
Materials and Method: Twenty-four standardized brass dies were prepared and randomly divided into 2 groups according to the wax-patterns fabrication method [CAD/CAM technique and conventional method] [n=12]. All the wax-patterns were fabricated in a standard fashion by means of contour, thickness and internal relief [M1- M12: representative of CAD/CAM group, C1-C12: representative of conventional group]
CAD/CAM milling machine [Cori TEC 340i; imes-icore GmbH, Eiterfeld, Germany] was used to fabricate the CAD/CAM group wax-patterns
The copings cast from 24 wax-patterns were cemented to the corresponding dies. For all the coping-die assemblies cross-sectional technique was used to evaluate the marginal and internal fit at 15 points. The Student's t- test was used for statistical analysis [alpah=0.05]
Results: The overall mean [SD] for absolute marginal discrepancy [AMD] was 254.46 [25.10] um for CAD/CAM group and 88.08[10.67] um for conventional group [control]
The overall mean of internal gap total [IGT] was 110.77[5.92]um for CAD/CAM group and 76.90 [10.17] um for conventional group. The Student's t-test revealed significant differences between 2 groups. Marginal and internal gaps were found to be significantly higher at all measured areas in CAD/CAM group than conventional group [p< 0.001]
Conclusion: Within limitations of this study, conventional method of wax-pattern fabrication produced copings with significantly better marginal and internal fit than CAD/CAM [machine-milled] technique. All the factors for 2 groups were standardized except wax pattern fabrication technique, therefore, only the conventional group results in copings with clinically acceptable margins of less than 120um
ABSTRACT
Quality of life in congestive heart failure [CHF] patient's comrade with declines mortality, psychosocial, physical and social restriction due to inability effect of the disease. So, the aim of this study was the assessment effected continuous caring and educational intervention [home visit] on quality of life in the CHF patients. In a clinical trial study, a total of 110 patients were selected and accidentally were put in two groups [experimental and control]. Each group was equalized based on sex, age, education, living place, heart failure and ejection fraction. Then, experimental group was educated about heart failure disease, drugs being used, self care plan and life style that this educational plan followed by three home visits. In all of the patients, quality of life questionnaire [SF-36] was filled in two steps, in first study and sex months after discharge. Data were analyzed using independent and pair t-tests. Before intervention, the results indicated that there was no difference in two groups base on sex, age, education, living place, cardiac failure degree, ejection fraction and quality of life main score [P<0.05]. But after the intervention, quality of life main score in domains physical function, limitations in usual role activities because of physical health problems, vitality, social function, body pain and general health in intervention group were greater than control group [P<0.05]. Pair t-test was detected quality of life main score after six months was increased in the intervention group and decreased in the control group [P<0.05]. Our results show that, nursing intervention and education in congestive heart failure patient's base on need and life style improve physical status and quality of life of these patients