Evaluation of phenotypic coefficient and flavonolignan content in dried fruits of cultivated and endemic Silybum marianum [L.] gaertn

Silybum marianum [L.] Gaertn. has been used for centuries as an herbal medicine for treatment of liver disease. Fruits of S. marianum contain silymarin, which is composed of the flavonolignans, silybin, isosilybin, silydianin and silychristin. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of environmental conditions on silymarin content and morphological characteristic of S. marianum. The dried fruits of S. marianum were collected from 13 area of Iran and cultivated at greenhouse conditions. Morphological characteristic were studied and silymarin content analyzed by HPLC. The results showed that silybin is the main component of silymarin and was affected by environmental conditions. The amount of silymarin was very different in cultivated and endemic plants in comparison with together. The silymarin content had a significant positive correlation with seed yield/plant, stem diameter and number of capsules/plant

Evaluation of antimicrobial effects of 4 medicinal plants against salmonella typhymurium and comparision them with common antibiotics in veterinary medicine

Thyme [Zataria multiflora Bois.] Penny voyel [Mentha pulegium L.] Origanum [Origanum vulgare L.] and Fennel [Foeniculum vulgare Miller] are the Iranian traditional spice which are widely used in the country. Following the recent efforts to look for healthy remedies with antimicrobial potential, the effects of essential oils of these medicinal plants were investigated on Salmonella typhimurum. Chemical composition and antimicrobial effects of essential oils from plants were evaluated on Salmonella typhimurum and compared with five antibiotics enrofloxacin, chloramphenicle, erythromycin, oxytetracyclin and flumequin. The essential oils of the leavs and stems are obtained from each plants by hydrodistillation and clevenger and analyzed by GC/MS. The results of this study show that Thyme oil, compared to flumequin, oxytetracyclin and erythromycin is more effective [P<0.5]. Essential oil of Penny voyel is more effective than oxytetracyclin and erythromycin. Among essential oil of plants, Thymol oil with minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] 156.5 micro g/ml and minimal bactericidal concentration [MBC] 312.5 micro g/ml had the best result against Salmonella typhimurum. Chemicial compounds: Thymol, Carvacrol and alpha -terpinen were found in Z. multiflora, M. pulegium, O. vulgar and F. vulgare by GC analyse. Considering the significant antibacterial effect of essential oil of Z. multiflora on effect on Salmonella typhimurum in invitro, it is recommened that, the therapeutic effect of this essential oil be studied in invivo

effect of levothyroxine therapy on the recurrence rate of goiter after subtotal thyroidectomy in iodine deficient area

One hundred and two patients with subtotal thyroidectomy performed for benign thyromegaly were studied in Fars province, an area of iodine deficiency in southern of Iran. Group A, 40 patients who received levothyroxine 100mg per day postoperatively. Group B, 62 patients who did not receive levothyroxine. The recurrence rates were 5% and 47% in groups A and B respectively. The recurrence rate was higher in patients with multinodular goiter and diffuse thyromegaly than those with a single nodule. This study indicates that in iodine deficient areas, the patients should receive levothyroxine post-operatively for prevention of recurrence until iodine supplementation is available for the whole population