ABSTRACT
Background: The vermicompost and compost as an alternative of chemical fertilizers for plant nutrient and improvement soil conditions is one of the principles of sustainable agriculture, environmental protection and food safety
Objective: This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of different amounts of municipal solid waste compost and vermicompost on quantitative and qualitative traits of lemon verbena
Methods: Greenhouse experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. In this study three the ratio of the volume of municipal solid waste compost and vermicompost with loamy soil containing 0: 100, 90: 10 and 80: 20 were studied
Results: Effects of municipal compost and vermicompost on all traits were significant [P<0.05] and caused increasing dry weight, plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll index, photosynthesis, essential oil percentage and oil components. So that level of 20% for each fertilizer had the greatest impact on the studied traits than the control. The interaction effect of compost and vermicompost were significant on dry weight and essential oil percentage [P<0.01], photosynthesis, limonene and linalool percentage of essential oils [P<0.05], But had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll index and percentage of essential oil linalool
Conclusion: The effect of vermicompost application was better than compost in all studied traits. Combined use of compost and vermicompost improved qualitative and quantitative traits of lemon verbena compared to individual consumption. But in the treatment of 20% vermicompost with 20% compost was obtained best result. Therefore fertilizers complete each other's effects
ABSTRACT
Background: Salinity is one of the most important factors limiting growth and crop production. Mycorrhizal fungi as a biological fertilizer provides food needs plants and can be useful in decrease the effects of environmental stresses on plants
Objective: Improving quantitative and qualitative traits of anise plant using mycorrhizal fungi under salt stress
Methods: This study was done in greenhouse of the research farm of the Islamic Azad University [Saveh branch] as factorial based on randomized complete blocks design. The first factor was mycorrhiza inoculation in three levels of non-inoculated, inoculated with Glomus intraradices strain and inoculation by Glomus mosseae strains and second factor was salinity in three levels control or non-saline water, salinity 50 Mm and 100 Mm
Results: The salinity and mycorrhiza affected all studied traits [P<0.01]. The interaction of salinity and mycorrhiza was significant on the number of seeds per plant, Essential oil percentage of seed and K concentration in leaves [P<0.01], plant height, plant dry weight, number of umbels per plant, number of shed in the umbrella, number of seeds in the shed and sodium concentration in leaves [P< 0.05]. Increasing soil salinity decreased all the studied traits, So that greatest damage was observed at 100 Mm salt. Of course salinity decreased sodium concentration of leaves. Also mycorrhizal inoculation improved all the studied traits in the saline and control condition than non inoculated plants
Conclusion: The results showed that mycorrhizal inoculation with both strains improved plants growth and essential oil of anise in salinity conditions, and effect of Glomus mosseae strain was better on anise than Glomus interaradices strain
ABSTRACT
According to several reports the incidence of lingual thyroid in childhood are more than adults. This ectopic thyroid gland induced mild hypothyroidism with spectrum as normal or below normal. Generally, most cases of congenital ectopic thyroid appears as Cretinism. In this report we will introduce an adult with a lingual thyroid that induced adult hypothyroidism
ABSTRACT
Tinnitus is defined as the perception of sound in the absence of any appropriate external stimulation. About 1-2% of the population are severely disturbed by tinnitus and it may disrupt daily activities and sleep. Several treatments are applied for this disorder and one of these treatments is acupuncture. The aim of this study was to finding scientific evidence for efficacy of acupuncture on this disorder that is resistance to conventional treatment modalities. This study is a clinical trial. In this study, 50 patients with resistance tinnitus to conventional treatment who referred to ENT ward of Emam Khomeini university hospital, Ahvaz, were chosen and divided to two groups [each 25 cases]. The first group was used as treatment group [with acupuncture] and the other control group. Tinnitus Handicap Inventory questioners were completed for both groups before and after the allocated treatment period. All of the 25 treatment group cases underwent daily treatment for 15 secessions of 30 minutes each. The reasults analysis with SPSS software. In case and control groups, the males were 56%, 52% and the females were 44%, 48%. The mean period of disorder in case and control groups were 5.8 and 5.6 years respectively. The results of THI were according to assessment quantity and quality. In case group, there had significant difference before and after treatment [P=0.03]. Also, the case group after treatment and group control had significant difference [P=0.02]. According to this finding, it is thought, the acupuncture is useful for treatment of tinnitus, especially in this condition that there is no proven treatment for it. More studies are necessary to find the better management methods
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Acupuncture Therapy , Treatment Outcome , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Papillary thyroid cancer [PTC] usually has an excellent prognosis with more than 90% survival rate at 10 years. Papillary thyroid cancer may be diagnosed with histological examination in patients underwent lobectomy. The necessity of performing a completion thyroidectomy [CT] is still a controversial issue. This study investigated the rate of contraralateral PTC in patients, who had completion thyroidectomy. We retrospectively reviewed the medical and pathologic data of 82 patients with PTC. These patients underwent thyroid lobectomy, followed by completion thyroidectomy during 1997-2007. Thirty three patients [40%] had PTC in the contralateral lobe. There was no significant difference between patients with or with out contralateral tumor regarding gender, age, primary tumor size or time to completion thyroidectomy.The presence of lymph node metastases and multifocality of cancer in the ipsilateral lobe increased the risk of residual disease in the contralateral lobe. The postoperative complication were infrequent and included: 6 [3.7%] patients with transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, 2 [2.5%] patients with permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, 9 [11%] patients with transient hypocalcemia and 1 [1.2%] patient with permanent hypoparathyroidism. Five patients [6%] developed hematoma in 2 of whom re-exploration was required. The prevalence of residual disease in the contralateral lobe of patients with PTC is significant. We recommend that a completion thyroidectomy should be considered for PTC treatment. Completion thyroidectomy can be done safely with acceptable low morbidity