Preparation of decellularized three dimentional scaffolds as the model for tissue engineering and their functional assessments in vitro application of blastema tissue

Tissue engineering is based on three main factors including scaffolds, cells and growth factors. Natural scaffolds derived from decellularized tissues and organs have been successfully used in tissue engineering. Decellularization studies have shown that natural scaffolds which maintain their main structure and properties could be a suitable tool for studying cellular behaviors and preparation of such scaffolds is an important part of future research in biology that may have extensive applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Blastema tissue which is produced after injuries in some organisms has embryonic cell characteristics, and can be a suitable model for evaluation of cell behaviors in various tissues. In this review, the process of decellularization, process involved in preparation of 3D scaffolds derived from extracellular matrix of various tissues including cartilage, bone, gingiva, aorta and bladder, and assessment of their interactions with blastema tissue under in vitro conditions are discussed

[ role of minocycline on amygdala-kindled seizures in rat]

Minocycline is an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug. In addition, its neuroprotective effects have been shown. Since there is interaction between cell death and seizure, the aim of this study is examination of the role of minocycline on amygdala-kindled seizures in rat. In this experimental study, three groups of animals [18 rats], after stereotaxic surgery and 1-week recovery period, received twice daily kindling stimulations. In fully kindled animals of groups 1-3, minocycline was injected intraperitoneally in doses 12.5 [n = 7], 25 [n = 5] and 50 [n = 6] mg/kg, respectively, 60 minutes before stimulation. After discharge duration [ADD], stage 4 latency [S4L], Stage 5 Duration [S5D] and Seizure Duration [SD] were recorded and compared with related control groups [the same animals that had received saline 1 day before]. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered to represent a significant difference. In fully kindled animals who had received minocycline [50 and 25 mg/kg], ADD decreased significantly. When minocycline was delivered, S5D decreased 38.3% [p < 0.001], 34% [p < 0.05], and 100% [p < 0.001] in 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg group animals, respectively. S4L and SD parameters respectively increased and decreased significantly only in group 50 mg/kg. According to the obtained results, it may be concluded that in fully kindled rats, application of minocycline has anticonvulsant effect on kindling model of epilepsy

[ estimation of national average of milk somatic cell count and production losses due to subclinical mastitis in commercial dairy herds in Iran]

Using the database of the Animal Breeding Center of Iran and based on the eligible test-day data from 78969 cows in five provinces: Tehran [with 44129 cows], Ghazvin [6668], Zanjan [1767], Isfahan [7572], Khorasan-e-Razavi [14521] and others [4312] the averages of 426850 +/- 966840 and 473860 +/- 605330 cells/ml of milk somatic cell count [SCC] was calculated for individual cows and herds respectively. A Pearson's correlation coefficient of -0.174 revealed a highly significant negative correlation between test-day milk production and SCC [p<0.01]. The annual production losses of approximately 150000 tons of raw milk in the price of 420 billion Rials were estimated at the national level

effect of plasma testosteron on epileptiform seizures induced by pentylen tetrazole [PTZ] in normal and gonadectomized male rats

It has been verified that androgene concentration in epileptic men who were treated with antiepileptic drugs is decreased and this results in a decrease in sexual activities in such patients. Although there : are many investigations regarding the effects of antileptic drugs on the rate of serum androgenes and particularly testosteron, little is known about the probable effects of androgenes on epileptic seizures. In this study the effects of plasma level of testosteron on epileptiform seizures in three cases [normal, increased and decreased] induced with Pentylentetrazole [PTZ] in Wistar male rats were investigated. Wistar male rats with similar response and sesitivity to PTZ and epileptiform seizures were randomly assigned to the five following: groups [n=8 for each group]. 1[st] exprimental group: Intramuscular injection of testosteron [5 mg/Kg BW] and after 2 hours intraperitoneal injection of PTZ [25mg/Kg BW/for max. 3 times]; 2[nd] exprimental group: treatment with testosteron [0.5 mg/Kg BW] for 10 days and injections of PTZ thereafter; control group for 1[st] and 2[nd] experimental rats where they received sesame oil and then PTZ in a protocol precisely similar to the 1[st] and 2[nd] groups; 3[rd] exprimental group: PTZ injections and recording of epileptiform convulsions before gonadectomy [as control] and repeat of PTZ injections after 10 days. The last protocol was performed in two groups: gonadectomized, without any testosteron injections, and gonadectomized but with one dose of testoteron. The results show that increase in serum testosteron level does not affect epileptiform convulsions, whereas the reduction of testosteron level increases the partial seizures [p<0.001] and duration of tonic-clonic seizures [p<0.05]. Results of this study show that testosteron has an anticonvulsant effect and this effect might be through neurosteroid metabolites, where these metabolites affect on GABA A receptor complex

Analysis of protection effect of vitamins A, E against Gamma induced chromosomal abnormalities post and past-irradiation on mouse bone marrow cells usingmicronucleus assay

The radioprotectory effects of vitamins A and E post and past Gamma-irraiation on mouse bone marrow cells using micronucleus assay was analyzed. Micronucleus assay is a very fast and effective method in evaluating, structural as well as numerical chromosomal abnormalities. Search for find/ng an effective way of protection against harmful effects of induced or spontaneous irradiation is actively progressing. Effects of antioxidants such as vitamin A and E in in vivo have studied extensively. In this study effect of different doses of vitamin A and E post and past Gamma-irradiation of 2 Gy wererepresenting chromosomal damages. Of all doses used [0.6mg/kg, 1.2mg/kg and 2.4mg/kg for vitamin A and 50mg/kg, l00mg/kg and 200mg/kg for vitamin E/ l.Amg/kg, body weight of vitamin A and 200mg/kg body weight of vitamin E had the best effect on reducing induced-damages. Combination of two vitamins in these doses post and past irradiation revealed that vitamin E was the most effective post irradiation whereas vitamin A was the most effective past irradiation in reducing the frequency of micronucleus.According to our knowledge this is the first time that the anticlastogenic effect of vitamin A and E post and past irradiation in in vivo has been studied at the same time using micronucleus assay

[Quantitative and qualitative study of dermatoglyphic patterns of schizophrenia in Khorasan Province]

Finger and hand prints are formed during the late first and second trimester of fetal development, and then remain unchanged. Schizophrenia is a psychotic disease that coexists with structural and biochemical changes of CNS. It is probably under the influence of environmental and/or genetic factors. There are some suggestions that disturbance in the dermatoglyphic patterns are probably in relationship with the appearance of schizophrenia. It seems that this disturbance appears in the first and second trimesters of fetal development, which is a critical period for CNS growth. We have studied the dermatoglyphic changes in 91 schizophrenic patients [49M, 42F] in Ebne Sina Psychosis Hospital of Mashhad, and have compared them with those of 72 healthy controls [42M, 30F]. The x2 test was used for quantitative and T-test for qualitative data analysis. The results showed a significant reduction of TABRC between healthy and patient. The forms of Loop and Arch are heterogeneous and compared to the control group were significant [P=.0/04,P=0/036]. In conclusion, these results provide further evidence that abnormal dermatoglyphic patterns exist in some patients with schizophrenia, and that, the a-b ridge count can be used as a marker of this psychotic disease, and support the idea that the incidence of schizophrenia maybe due to the adverse intrauterine events. Because these events probably affect the brain, behavior and finger print patterns, dermatoglyphics would be a proper method for prognosis of some cases of schizophrenia

[Comparison of the fasting blood sugar before and after antituberculosis 4 drug standard regimen]

Background: The aim of this study is comparison of FBS level, before and after anti tuberculosis therapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Methods and Subjects: 50 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were studied. All of them had pulmonary tuberculosis and all of them received standard anti tuberculosis regimen. FBS levels before treatment and the 3[rd], 5[th], 7[th] and 14[th] days after treatment were determined. We used Paired t test to compare means

Results: There was not any significant difference between mean FBS of 3[rd] 5[th] 7[th] and 14[th] day with before treatment FBS. In males and age group less than 30 years old the difference between FBS levels of before treatment and 7 days after treatment was significant and FBS of 7[th] day was lesser

Conclusion: We emphasize that anti tuberculosis regiment does not cause diabetes mellitus in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

[Comparison of the fasting blood sugar before and after antituberculosis 4 drug standard regimen]

Background: The aim of this study is comparison of FBS level, before and after anti tuberculosis therapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Methods and Subjects: 50 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were studied. All of them had pulmonary tuberculosis and all of them received standard anti tuberculosis regimen. FBS levels before treatment and the 3[rd], 5[th], 7[th] and 14[th] days after treatment were determined. We used Paired t test to compare means

Results: There was not any significant difference between mean FBS of 3[rd], 5[th], 7[th] and 14[th] day with before treatment FBS. In males and age group less than 30 years old the difference between FBS levels of before treatment and 7 days after treatment was significant and FBS of 7[th] day was lesser

Conclusion: We emphasize that anti tuberculosis regiment does not cause diabetes mellitus in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis