[ patient's satisfaction and understanding from received trainings in hospitals of Gonabad university of medical sciences]

Introduction: Training to patient is one of the essential principles in taking care of patient. Nurses have to do their training role, for providing patient satisfaction, increasing gaining in health and reducing recon fining to bed. So this research has done with the aim of examination of Patient's satisfaction and understanding from received training in hospitals Gonabad university of medical sciences

Method: This is a cross sectional study done on Quota samples [384] the patient on discharge from Gonabad hospitals. Data collected by a questionnaire that they compiled just for this purpose and they were reliable and confidant scientifically. They analyzed by means of SPSS software version 16 and ways of descriptive and analytic statistics at the significant level P<0.05

Results: The most training function of therapy staff was in pharmaceutical therapy and following therapy after discharging from hospital. The least trainings were about type and quality of diet, prevention of disease and quality of doing religious duties. Also the average and standard deviation of satisfaction from training function of physicians and nurses were 33.42 +/- 6.04 and 32.6 +/- 5.37 orderly and this difference was significant statistically [P=0.001]. There were a significant relation between sex and score of satisfaction that women have more satisfaction than men [P=0.001]

Conclusion: Trainings and Patient's satisfaction regarding these trainings, in all of domains, isn't suitable. Therefore, greater emphasis on education to patients and their satisfaction particularly in relation to type and quality of diet is necessary. Education about the prognosis and process of the disease and doing religious duties is more recommended

effect of mixed live vaccines of newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis on systemic and local antibody responses in chickens

In the present study, 360 male day-old broiler chicks were used to determine the effect of mixed live vaccines of Newcastle disease [ND] and infectious bronchitis [IB] on serum and local antibody responses to IB. Chicks were randomly divided into 12 treatment groups of 3 replicates and reared for 40 days on floor pens. Groups 1 to 5 received mixed ND and IB vaccine. Groups 7 to 11 received IB vaccine alone and regarded as positive controls. Group 6, that received ND vaccine only, and group 12, that received no vaccine, were considered as negative controls. Antibody titer against IB in the nasal washings and sera was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]. The chickens were inoculated with IB live vaccine [strain HI 20] with or without ND live vaccine by means of an eye dropper. Serum samples obtained on the 19th and 29th day of age and serum samples, as well as nasal washings, collected on day 40, were used to determine systemic and local antibody responses to IB. On the 40th day of age, tracheal samples were also collected to study the probable pathologic lesions due to the effect of live vaccines used. There was no significant difference in systemic antibody response [SAR] among all groups measured on the 19th day. On the 29th and 40th day of age, SAR of the negative control groups was significantly [P<0.05] different from those received IB vaccine. On the 40th day, nasal washings showed higher antibody titer as compared to the systemic antibody titer [P

Quality of life after coronary artery bypass grafting in Sari city, 2005-2006

Improvement of the quality of life for patients must be considered as a main objective of treatment. Therefore, increased attention to coronary artery surgery, coupled with patients quality of life, is significant for patients after surgery. This descriptive study was preformed on 172 patients, after a coronary artery grafting bypass. Data was collected by a SF-36 questionnaire, comprising of 36 questions divided in 8 domains. The score was designated as 0 to 100; with the higher score being indicative of a better quality of life. The obtained data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test and analysis of variance methods. Findings showed that 75% of subjects reported well quality of life, while the mean score regarding quality of life in men, were higher than women in all health related dimensions. Based on t-test difference, the of quality of life in men and women for physical health [p<0.014], mental limitation [p<0.033], somatic pain [p<0.032] and mental health [p<0.049] was observed. Considering a greater quality of life after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients, it is recommended to pay more attention to increase quality of life through treatment, care, follow-up in order to achive the best quality of life for patients

[Morphological and histometrical study of normal adrenal gland in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep]

Comparison of dimensions and cortical zones of left and right adrenal glands in Lori-Bakhtiari sheep. Descriptive study. One hundered pairs of adrenal glands of Lori-Bakhtiari sheep. One hundered pairs of normal adrenal glands were collected in two age groups [6 month to 1 year and 1- 1.5 years old] from Shahrekord abattoir. After collecting the glands and weighing them, some parameters such as: length, wide and thickness of them were measured by caliper device. For histological studies, after tissue preparation and H and E staining, cortical zones and medullae of glands were recognized. The size of zones were determined by micrometry. Values of left and right adrenal glands and two ages were analyzed. T-student test. There was a significant difference between dimensions of left and right adrenal glands. The mean weight and length of left adrenal gland was greater than the right. In 6 month to 1 year group the mean wide of right adrenal was greater than left and there was a significant difference between them. These Findings were in contrast to 1-1.5 years old group. All of measured parameters in 1- 1.5 years group were larger than 6 month to 1 year group [P<0.001]. Histological studies revealed that, there was a significant difference in size of zona fasiculata between left [2766.66 +/- 144.33 micro m] and right [3450.00 +/- 43.30 microm] adrenal glands in 1- 1.5 years group. In Lori-Bakhtiari sheep, dimensions of left adrenal gland was greater than the right one. The size of zona fasiculata in right adrenal gland was greater than the left one in 1-1.5 years group and the difference was significant [P<0.05]

Effects of isoproterenol on weight and cell structure of parotid and submandibular salivary glands in stray dogs

Isoproterenol is a sympathomimetic agent that has been used for treatment of cardiac and respiratory diseases such as atrio-ventricular block, cardiac arrest and asthma in human and animals. Isoproterenol stimulates Beta adrenergic receptors in secretory units of salivary glands and causes increasing of salivation and histomorphological changes in short and long terms, respectively. Twenty adult female stray dogs were used as control and treatment groups. Chronic treatment ofisoproterenol with dosage of 0.3 mg per kg [19.9 +/- 1.4 kg bw] for 20 days revealed remarkable changes on weight of the parotid and submandibular salivary glands. In treatment group, histomorphological changes in submandibular gland were more clear than parotid and its mean weight from 8086 +/- 172 mg increased to 18587 +/- 379 mg. Hyperplasia and hypertrophy of secretory units in the submandibular gland were also detectable. As a result, the histomorphological differences that have been seen in this research between parotid and submandibular salivary glands can be related to type of receptors of secretory units