Effect of health promotion model [HPM] based education on physical activity in diabetic women

Diabetes is a serious problem. Although physical activity is very useful for control of diabetes, motivating change in physical activity is very difficult. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of education, based on Health Promotion Model [HPM] in physical activity among diabetic women. In this clinical trial study, 80 women [40 patients in each groups] evaluated. All patients in the case group were educated for 1 session of group education, and 3 sessions of individual counseling with the 5 A's method, based on HPM. Then patients in both groups, in the first, 3 and 6 months after education, were evaluated for changes and physical activity. Statistical tests included Repeated Measurement ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Friedman with SPSS, version 16 were used for data analysis. The results of repeated measurement ANOVA showed that the effects of time-group interaction effects education were significant for physical activity in the case group, the difference between case and control groups in physical activity being significant. Three and six months after education, the case and control groups had progressive stages of change. Intervention with the Health Promotion Model increased physical activity and improved stages of change for physical activity behavior in diabetic women

possibility of differentiation of human endometrial stem cells into neural cells

In the last few decades, the idea of being able to repair the brain by introducing new cells to repair the damaged areas has become an accepted potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. The stromal cell fraction of many tissues and organs has shown in vitro neurogenic differentiation; however, these cell types are limited by availability, invasiveness of extraction and in some cases limited proliferative capacity. Human endometrial adult stem cells have many clinical advantages over the other stem cells. Here, we propose the hypothesis that endometrial adult stem cells may be induced into neural cells

[Unprecedented rise in Cushing's syndrome in addicts in Tehran]

Despite the widespread medical use of glucocorticoids, reports of factitious administration of these hormones have been uncommon. We herein report an unprecedented rise in outbreak of Cushing's syndrome in Tehran among addicts using Tamgesic [a brand of Buprenorphine] to help them through the narcotic withdrawal stage, without knowledge of the glucocorticoid content of the black-market drug. Case histories of 19 patients with a final diagnosis of iatrogenic Cushing syndrome were reviewed. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry [LC-Mass] method was used to evaluate glucocorticoid existence in the brand. No Buprenorphine was present in the vials. Each Tamgesic vial contained 0.4 mg of Dexamethasone disodium phosphate and some amount of heroin. The duration of injection abuse and the number of vials used per day was 4.5 [1-18] months and 6.5 [2-20], respectively. Physical findings of the cases were not different from those of the classic endogenous Cushing's syndrome but their serum cortisol and urinary free cortisol were suppressed. Severe life-threatening complications were demonstrated in five cases. Surreptitious use of steroids resulting in Cushing's syndrome may be more common in opium addicts; a high degree of suspicion is needed to uncover this disorder. Whenever facing a Cushingoid appearance in addicts, the possibility of using black market drugs with corticosteroid contents should be kept in mind

[ effect of clinical research center, on clinical researches of Arak University of medical science]

Performing correct research in different aspects of community as well as medical sciences can be a way to resolve many problems. In order to create a systematic knowledge of research method in academic members of Arak University of medical science and enabling them in providing proposals and performing researches, a clinical research center was developed. This study is done to investigate the effect of this center on improving clinical researches in the University. This is a HSR, before and after, interventional study in which, clinical academic members of Arak University of medical science were evaluated. First the information of the pre intervention period was gathered [jan2002-jan2004]. Then the intervention was done in the form of development a research center in Vali-Asr hospital, performing serial research workshops, research conferences, research consultations and planning data bases during a 2 years period. Again data was gathered and then compared to those of pre intervention period. The comparison of pre and post intervention periods showed that in pre intervention period from 38 proposals 30 and in post intervention period from 89 proposals 76 were approved by research committee of the University. In the two pre and post intervention periods 14 [46.6%] and 50 [65.8%] of accepted proposals were clinical respectively. Also from the view point of quality, 11 and 15 proposals were HSR, 2 and 22 clinical trials and 8 and 8 descriptive, respectively. The number of published articles in first period was 45 and in second 84. Presented articles in internal and external congresses were 33 and 59 in the two periods overally, which 25 and 51 articles were presented in the country and 8 and 8 in abroad congresses, respectively. Regarding the results it seems developing research center in this University and other similar Universities can have a significant effect on the process of clinical researches

[Study of tramadol and pethidin effects on post operativeshivering]

Post operative shivering is a common and unpleasant problem with relatively 40% incidence that has a lot of cardiovascular and pulmonary effects. It's main cause is hypothermia during operation, but there are also other causes. There are some recommendations to resolve this problem. In this survey we compared Tramadol and Pethidin effects in treatment of postoperative shivering.This is a clinical trial study, performed on 324 patient with ASA I and n classes. When shivering occurred, 1mg/kg Tramadol was administered to 162 patients and the others received 0.5 mg/kg Pethidin. After injection, the shiver-end time was recorded. Patients' vital sign such as blood pressure, pulse rate and respiratory rate were measured and recorded before and after injection [vital sign was checked and recorded every 10 minutes for 1 hours after injection]. Data was analyzed with two independent t-test by SPSS software.61.7% of samples were male. The average of shiver-end time in group receiving Tramadol and group receiving Pethidin was134.96 +/- 18 and 161.3 +/- 22 seconds respectively, that was significantly lower in Tramadol group[p=0.007]. The minimum of shiver-end time was 55 seconds in patients receiving Tramadol and the maximum time was 320. The minimum of this time in patients receiving Pethidin was 70 seconds and the maximum time was 395.Results of this study showed that using Tramadol in treating post operative shivering is more useful than Pethidin. Also it has better therapeutic effects and lesser side effects

[Determination of frequency rate of chlamydia pneumonia infection in two groups of patients with and without AMI]

Background: þToday, coronary artery disease is a leading cause of death and morbidity in the world and recognition of all aspects of this problem appears to be necessary and important. In recent years in addition to traditional coronary risk factors, other new risk factors are presented that can affect coronary arteries and accelerate atherosclerosis process. One of the most important of these, are infections, specially with Chlamydia pneumonia. We aimed to study this possibility that is whether correlation between infection with Chlamydia pneumonia and Acute Myocardial Infarction. [AMI]

Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive case-control study which evaluates frequency of infection with Chlamydia pneumonia in the 100 patients with AMI and 105 patients without any history or evidence of CAD admitted in sections of CCU and surgery, in Dr. SHARIATI and SINA hospitals in 2001. For this purpose we took 5ml blood sample from all of the patients, and tested for specific anti Chlamydia pneumonia antibodies [IgG and IgM] by ELISA method

Results: Our study showed that 38 percent of control group patients and 54 percent of patients with AMI had positive titer of anti Chlamydia pneumonia antibody and so they were infected with Chlamydia pneumonia [OR= 1.9 [95% CI: 1.34 to 2.46]] [P< 0/001]

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that, there is significant correlation between infection with Chlamydia pneumonia and occurrence of AMI so treatment of this infection could be of profit