ABSTRACT
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH], a stage of fatty liver, occuring in individuals with little or no alcohol consumption, is characterized by macro-and microvesicular steatosis with inflammation, ballooning degeneration, hepatocyte necrosis, Mallory bodies and fibrosis. It has been suggested that oxidative stress might play an important role in the pathogenesis and progress of NASH. The aim of present study was to determine the preventive effect of catalytic antioxidants [two Mn-salen complexes] on diet-induced steatohepatitis in rats. NASH was induced in male N-Mary rats by feeding them with a methionine-choline deficient [MCD] diet for 14 weeks. The rats were randomly assigned to receive vitamin C, EUK-8, EUK-134 [n=5, 30 mg/Kg/day] or vehicle orally. At the end of the experiment, sera biochemical analyses and histopathological examination of liver samples were performed. Treatment of rats with Mn-salens and or vitamin C significantly reduced the sera cholesterol, glucose, aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase activities, the extent of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation whereas the weight and HDL level were significantly increased. In addition, these compounds improved NASH pathological features in liver of MCD fed rats. SPSS statistical software was used for statistical analysis, with P values of less than 0.05 being considered statistically significant. Based on the present data, supplementation of Mn-salen complexes could be beneficial in the prevention of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats
ABSTRACT
Increasing in prevalence of juvenile myopia in recent decades in eastern and western countries, especially in urban elementary school children, suggests that changing in early life style may play an important role in development of myopia. Our aim was to determine the relationships between myopia and overweight in elementary school children of Eslamshahr a city near Tehran, Iran. In a case control study, 240 new myopic primary school children [grade 2-4] identified as cases and 240 children without myopia in the same schools enrolled as control group. Anthropometric information was completed from schools'. Other information about pre-entrancing to school was collected by interviewing their parents. Children having a Body mass index BMI>=85th CDC2000 percentile were identified as overweight. Adjusted odds ratio for overweight was estimated after adjusting other potential risk factors. Of total 53.3% were girls. 23.8% of children in case group and 10.1% of them in control group were categorized in overweight group. After adjusting for other potential risk factors [family history, breast milk intake, near works, mother's job and financial position] being overweight was independently associated to myopia [OR: 3.10, 95% CI: 1.9-5.03]. It is concluded that overweight in children in preschool age, is independently associated with increased risk of myopia in primary school children. Therefore health promotion programs in order to change of the life style in this group of children should be considered