[Evaluation of rotational and vertical dimensional changes of face and jaws following the use of [Fa II] functional device in CL II female patients]

The functional appliances can influence dentofacial growth of anterior-posterior posture of jaws. However, there would be some changes on other dimensions of face in pre-adolescent age group patients. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the influence of Fa II appliance on vertical and rotational growth of jaws in adolescent female cases. This clinical trial investigation was conducted with nineteen female CL II div.l participants who underwent functional therapy with Fa II appliance for 12-18 months. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and after treatment in order to compare them with untreated control subjects as well as the template group. Student t-test was used for statistical data analysis. The analysis of data showed that vertical dimensions were increased specially in lower part of the face [P<0.01]. No rotational changes occurred on the upper and lower jaws [mandible P=0.86 and maxilla P=0.58]. Direct relationship was observed between increasing vertical dimension on the posterior part of the face and forward rotation of mandible [P=0.004] and dentoalveolar drift of mandible with backward rotation [P=0.034]. Based on the results of this clinical trial, the Fa II functional appliance can increase the vertical dimension of face [posterior-anterior] and help with rotation of both jaws in positive directions; which is preferable therapy for normal and short CL II cases

Effect of diabetes mellitus on pulp and periradicular infections: a literature review

Diabetes Mellitus [DM] has destructive effects on various tissues and organs including the dental puro and periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to collect information about the influence of DM on pulpal and periradicular tissues in healthy and diabetic cases. Data was collected by searching PUBMED and Cochrane databases using keywords such as diabetes, periradicular infection, periradicular lesion, periapical infection, periapical lesion, pulp, periodontium. Selected reference textbooks were searched using the same search strategy. The search results were categorized according to methodological strengths and selected only if qualified for our inclusion criteria. In diabetic patients numerous histopathologic changes happen in dental pulp and periodontium, accompanied by qualitative and quantitative alterations in normal oral microflora and disturbances in immune system. Usually these three factors accompany each other just like the three sides of a triangle. These cases are not only vulnerable to pulpal necrosis and periradicular disease, but also cause the infection to follow an unusual pathway which requires different treatment regimens compared to nondiabetic patients. Pulpal and periapical infections in diabetics have a completely different pattern which affects the treatment outcomes in these cases compared to nondiabetic individual