[Effect of saliva contamination on the shear bond strength of two types of glass- ionomer cements to dentin in primary teeth]

Use of glass ionomer cements in pediatric dentistry is increasing and limited information exists with regard to the effect of salivary contamination on the shear bond strength of glass-ionomer to dentin in primary teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of salivary contamination on the shear bond strength of two types of glass ionomer cements to dentin in primary teeth. A total of 36 human extracted primary molars were used in this study. The specimens were divided into two groups for each material and then further subdivided into three groups: group 1: uncontaminated, group 2: contaminated with saliva, group 3: contaminated, washed and air dried. The specimens in groups I, II, III were bonded to glass-ionomer and in groups IV, V, VI to resin modified glass-ionomer. Shear bond strength was measured using an Instron machine at 1 mm/min cross head speed. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey test. There were significant differences in the mean shear bond strength among groups IV, V [P=0.05]. There were no significant difference among groups I and II [P=0.16], I and III [P= 0.93] and IV and VI [P=0.98]. Results showed that salivary contamination can decrease the mean shear bond strength of light- cured glass-ionomer to dentin in primary teeth

[Influence of ZOE and formocresol on the shear bond strength of composite to dentin in primary teeth]

Dentin contamination with different materials used in pediatrics is effective on the bond strength of adhesives to primary teeth. Therefore, the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of zinc oxide-eugenol and formocresol on the shear bond strength [SBS] of resin composite to the dentin in primary teeth. A total of 72 extracted second morals were selected and mounted in acrylic resin. Buccal and lingual dentin surface were prepared and randomly allocated into 4 groups of 18 specimens each. Groups were subjected to different treatments as follows: group A, the surfaces were received no pretreatment and served as control; group B, the surfaces were covered with a paste of ZOE [Zoliran]; group C, the surfaces were covered with a paste of ZOE [Kemdent]; group D, specimens were placed on gauze soaked in formocresol. The specimens were covered with tinfoil and stored in distilled water at 37oC for 7 days. The temporary restorations were removed after one week. The dentin surfaces were treated with single bond adhesive resin 3M [ESPE/USA] according to manufacturer's instructions and light cured for 20 seconds. Composite P60 columns [4 mm internal diameter and 3 mm height] were applied on the prepared surfaces and light cured for 40 seconds. Shear bond testing were carried out after 24 hours with a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Tukey Post-hoc test. The mean shear bond strengths were 17.52 +/- 3 MPa for group A, 15.41 +/- 3.3 MPa for group B, 15.63 +/- 3.2 MPa for group C, and 18.57 +/- 3.8 MPa for group D. There was no significant difference between the shear bond strength of group A compared with those of groups B, C, and D [P>0.05]. The bond strength of composite to dentin in primary teeth was not influenced by the zinc-oxide eugenol [Zoliran and Kemdent] or formocreosol

[Relation between infertility and sexual satisfaction in couples]

Infertility is a complex crisis in couple's life and can produce severe psychological pressure on both partners. Depression, stress, low self-esteem, and marital sexual dissatisfaction are among the psychological outcomes of infertility. This study was aimed to determine the relation between infertility and sexual satisfaction. This was a cross sectional study in which depression and sexual satisfaction rate among 150 infertile versus 150 fertile couples [in Tabriz- in 2005] were investigated and further analyzed. Random Sampling was used to select study population. Data gathering was performed using a questionnaire consisting of 2 parts including a section on demographic characteristics, and also a Larson standard questionnaire for determining sexual Satisfaction]. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, independent t-test, and >2. Findings: There was no significant difference associated with mean sexual satisfaction rate between infertile and fertile men and infertile and fertile women [p=0.707, t=0.377 in men; p=0.370, t=0.898 in women]. However, a statically significant relationship between sexual satisfaction score and duration of marriage, income status, number of unsuccessful treatment, length of time when infertility diagnosed, and performance of diagnostic tests was found. Considering the unpleasant effects of sexual dissatisfaction on physical and emotional health and also the occurrence of infertility-originated divorce, attempt has to be made for early diagnosis and treatment of undesirable situation in both partners