[ relationship between health care providers' perceptions of patient safety culture and patients' perceptions of medical errors in teaching hospitals in Tehran: 2011]

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between care providers' perception of patient safety culture and patients' perception of medical errors in teaching hospitals in Tehran. It was a descriptive analytical and Cross- Sectional study. The population consisted of 216 health care providers and 216 patients selected using stratified random sampling in 13 general teaching hospitals in Tehran. Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture was used to assess health care providers' perceptions of patient safety culture and a researcher-made questionnaire was developed to assess patients' perceptions of medical errors. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test. The results showed an expected direction [negative] among the relationships and coefficients correlation between patient perception of medical errors and hospital management supported the patient safety [r=-0.586, p= 0.035], frequency of event reporting [r=-0.625, p= 0.022], hospital handoffs and transition [r= -0.637, p= 0.019] and HSOPS dimension average [r= -0.602, p=0.03] were statistically significant. The findings supported the idea that there are fewer medical errors in hospitals with more positive patient safety culture. Further research is needed to determine the generalizability of these results to other hospitals and to assess the relationship between patient safety culture and other patient outcomes

[Day clinic: a model for reducing the length of stay in hospitals]

Hospitals are the most essential and costly health care providers, allocating the highest percentage of expenses to inpatient wards. To cut down these costs, unnecessary length of stay should be shortened. The aim was to study the length of stay in day clinics, general, and private hospitals in Tabriz. The population in this descriptive-analytic study included all inpatients in day clinics, general, and private hospitals of Tabriz, offering adenotonsillectomy and cataract services. Samples [N=885] were randomly selected from six hospitals using a checklist the content validity of which was verified by the experts. Data analysis was carried out using frequency, frequency percent, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis test, Man Whitney U Test using SPSS software. For normal distribution, Kolomograve- Smirnove test was applied. The average length of stay for adenotonsillectomy and cataract in general, private hospitals, and day clinics were 1.60+/-0.929,1.88+/-0.375 and 1.00 +/-0.00 and 1.70+/-0, respectively .The results of dual comparison test indicated that the duration for adenotonsillectomy and cataract services were very different. This period was significantly less in private hospitals and day clinics [p0.005] concerning the length of stay for cataract services. The model of day clinics can be used to reduce expenses and improve the services provided by general and private hospitals