ABSTRACT
This study compares the effects of modified diets containing legumes on fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles in patients with type II diabetes. In this randomized crossover trial, 24 subjects with type 2 diabetes, age range of 50 to 80 years, were selected and randomly assigned to two groups, one receiving diets of therapeutic lifestyle change [controls] or the other, with therapeutic lifestyle change with legumes [replacing meat with 2 servings of legumes in their therapeutic lifestyle change diet, three days a week]. Period of each diet was 8 weeks with a 4 week wash out period. Fasting blood samples were taken to measure the fasting plasma glucose and blood lipid profiles [LDL-C, triglycerides, HDL-C, total cholesterol]. Compared to the therapeutic lifestyle change diet, in the group with the therapeutic lifestyle change diet with legumes, diet were fasting insulin, total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly decreased [P<0.05]. After 8 weeks intervention fasting plasma glucose and LDL cholesterol in both diets significantly reduced compared with baseline values [P<0.05], while, no significant change was observed in HDL cholesterol. Replacement of 2 servings of legumes instead of meat 3 days a week in the TLC diet resulted in improved total cholesterol and triglyceride levels
ABSTRACT
Knowledge of the magnitude of avoidable burden by risk factors is needed for health policy, priority setting, and preventing stroke. The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of selected risk factors including hypertension, overweight, obesity, tobacco use, and physical inactivity to the attributable burden of stroke in Iran. The World Health Organization Comparative Risk Assessment [CRA] methodology was employed to calculate the Potential Impact Fraction [PIF] and percentage of avoidable burden of stroke, which attributed to its risk factors among Iranian adults in 2009. Prevalence of risk factors was obtained from the 5th STEPS survey of chronic disease risk factors which conducted in 2009. PIF was estimated on both theoretical minimum and feasible minimum risk. A simulation procedure incorporating sources of uncertainty was used to estimate the uncertainties for the attributable burden. About 15.7% [95% uncertainty intervals: 5.8- 23.5] of attributable Disability Adjusted Life Years [DALYs] to stroke in adult males and 15.8% [95% uncertainty intervals: 5.8- 23.5] in adult females are avoidable after changing the current prevalence [16.0% and 16.1% for males and females, respectively] of hypertension to 10% in both sexes. This work highlighted the important role of hypertension and overweight. Accordingly, policy makers are advised to consider these risk factors once implementing interventional program in Iran