Immediate changes in pupil size following laser in situ keratomileusis [LASIK]: pupillometry study

To investigate the impact of laser in situ keratomileusis [LASIK] on the change in pupil size immediately after the procedure. In a prospective study, measurement of pupil size was assessed in 70 eyes of 35 consecutive patients using a hand-held pupillometer before and immediately after LASIK in mesopic condition at the refractive eye center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The pupil showed mild dilation immediate after LASIK. Mean pupil size before LASIK was 4.10 +/- 0.74 and immediate after was 4.74 +/- 0.82, P value <0.0001. No association was found with age, sex, central corneal thickness or pre-operative refractive measurements [CCT]. There is a change in pupil size that immerses immediately after LASIK; postulations suggested for papillary dilation include the effect of suction ring, post-operative steroid eye drops, dark room, pain and anxiety

Buffering capacity of camel milk

The buffering capacity of Najdi camel milk of Saudi Arabia as compared with Holstein cow milk was investigated. The shapes and position of the maximum peaks in the buffering curves for cow and camel milk are different. Removal of milk fat and pasteurization had slight effect on the buffering capacity of cow and camel milk. The buffering intensity curves of cow and camel whey showed similar buffer intensity peaks however cow whey was characterized by higher buffering capacity than camel whey. Addition of potassium oxalate to rennet cow and camel whey increased their buffering capacity. Buffering capacity of cow and camel milk gradually decreased with increasing the amount of water added. Addition of calcium chloride slightly changed the buffering capacity of camel milk. Whereas increasing calcium content in cow milk caused an increase in the buffering capacity between pH 5 to 6