Neonatal lipoproteins and continuous doppler studies in hypertensive pregnancies

Continuous Doppler studies of umbilical and uterine arteries were performed in 20 hypertensive women during their last trimester of pregnancy compared to 10 normotensive patients through the detection of systolic-diastolic [S/D] ratio. The umbilical cord plasma levels of total cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein, low density and high density lipoprotein, [VLDL, LDL, and HDL] were estimated at term pregnancies from infants of hypertensive mothers. It was found that the total cholesterol and LDL were significantly higher in the new borns of hypertensive mothers compared with those levels in the new borns of normotensive mothers. Meanwhile, infants plasma levels of HDL and VLDL were similar in both groups. Moreover, pathological S/D ratios were detected in 8 patients with severe hypertension compared to the 12 hypertensive patients with normal S/D ratios. Based on these findings, it was concluded that maternal hypertension with pathological S/D ratios was found to be suggestive of vasopasm in the uterine or umbilical, or both arteries. Moreover, it was associated with hypercholesterolemia in their fetuses and significant increase of LDL [P <0.05] compared with infants of hypertensive mothers with normal S/D ratios. These biochemical findings are consequences of reduced fetal adrenal utilization of LDL and cholesterol in the process of steroidogenesis

Changes in main components of raw and roasted peanut and sesame seeds I Oil properties, fatty acid composition, hydrocarbons and sterol constituents

The physical and chemical properties of oils of peanut and sesame seeds that were roasted at 100, 120, 140 and 160°C for two hours were studied. The refractive index increased while acid value and unsaponifiable matter decreased. Iodine value showed a slight fluctuation. Peroxide value increased to a higher value at 120°C in the case of peanut seeds and at 140°C for the sesame seeds then it decreased when the seeds were heated at higher temperatures. As the roasting temperatures increased, the total saturated fatty acids increased while total unsaturated fatty acids decreased in both seed oils. Palmitic acid, which represents the major saturated fatty acids in peanut and sesame seed oils showed a slight increase, while oleic acid decreased with increasing roasting temperatures. Generally, roasting process caused noticeable changes in the fatty acids composition of peanut and sesame oils. The hydrocarbon compounds of the unsaponifiable matter separated from peanut seed oil showed remarkable changes when peanut seeds were subjected to different roasting temperatures. Delete B-sit sitosterol was the major sterol compound in this fraction which decreased with the increase of roosting temperatures. In the case of sesame seed oil, squalene, which represents the main hydrocarbon compound in the hydrocarbon fraction suffered severe and drastic changes when sesame seeds were resorted at 100C-160°C- while an unknown sterol compound [1] with R.R.T. 1.51 was the major sterol compound in sesame oil followed by B-sit sterol. Also, drastic changes were not iced in sterol compounds when sesame seeds were roasted at 100C-160°C

Operative and immediate post-operative complications of cataract extraction

Study of two hundred and forty four cases of cataract surgery. The rate of operative and immediate post operative complications were 66 cases [27.04%]. The study revealed that 182 cases [75.20%] of operations have been done for senile cataract with 44 complicated cases [24.17%] while developmental cataract operations were preformed in J4 cases [5.78%] with 10 complicated cases [71.42%]. For complicated cataract 46 cases [19.00%] operations were performed and the rate of complications were highest in cataract operations complicating iridocyclitis 4 from 12 cases [33.33%], then in cataract complicating myopia 4 cases frome 20 cases [20%] and lastly cataract operations comlicating diabetes 2 cases from 14 cases [14.28%]. As regard methods of extractions of cataractous lens, linear extractions technique were used in 10 cases [4.13%] and the complicated cases were 8 cases [80.00%], scoop method were used in 6 cases [2.47%] with 4 complicated cases [66.66%], extraction with non toothed capsule forceps were used in 22 cases [9.09%] with 8 cases [36.36%] complicated operations, cryoextraction were used in 200 cases [82.64%] and 44 cases [22%] complicated cases, and lastly aspiration technique were used in 4 cases [1.65%] with no complications. The most common types of complications were vitreous loss 42 cases [17.21%] striate keratitis 30 cases [12.29%], rupture of lens capsule 12 cases [4.91%], after cataract 8 cases [3.27%], Shallow anterior chamber 8 cases [3.27%], and lastly 2 cases of retro-bulber haemorrhage [0.81%]. No case of endophthalmits, expulsive haemorrhage, post operative iris prolapse were happened during the study