[Comparative study between Triage Micro Parasite Panel and Immunofluorescent Assay in diagnosis of Cryptosporidium Protozoan in Sohag Governorate]

The zoonotic intracellular protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium is highly infectious and as low as 30 sporulated oocysts can cause infection in healthy volunteers. Cryptosporidium oocysts are shed in large numbers in the faeces of infected people or animals. cryptosporidium oocysts are resistant to environmental conditions and are able to resist standard disinfection e.g. chlorination of drinking water. Stool samples of 72 persons [9-64 years old] in rural areas of Sohag Governorate, Egypt, attending the out patients clinic of cancer institute of Sohag Governorate [Ministry of Health] and complaining of diarrhoea [immunocompromized patients], were examined for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts using modified acid-fast staining. Only 25 patients stool samples were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts. Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts using modified acid-fast staining is time consuming and need expert individual. The sensitivity and specificity of the test are improved by newer tools, such as immunofluorescent assays and antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays which are now commonly used in diagnostic laboratories. Polymerase-chain-reaction [PCR] - based techniques are available as research tests. In the present study the sensitivity of Direct Fluorescent Antibody [DFA] Test [100%] was found to be higher than that of Triage rapid qualitative enzyme immunoassay [EIA] [96%] and the specificity of both tests reached 100% as all members of the control group gave negative results

Aim of the work: Comparison between Triage Micro Parasite Panel and Immunofluorescence Tests in diagnosis of Cryptosporidium protozoan in Sohag Governorate

Relationship between Enterobius Vermicularis infection and pelvic inflammatory diseases in children at Sohag Governorate, Egypt

A cohort of children presented with pelvic inflammatory diseases [gastro-intestinal and/or genitourinary surgical conditions] and had concomitant infection with E. vermicularis. To find out this relationship, a total of 135 patients suffering from different gastro-intestinal and genitourinary surgical conditions were selected from Departments of Surgery and Gynecology. They were subjected to stool analysis, peri-anal swabs and blood examination mainly for eosinophilia. The results showed that 26 patients out of 135 [19.2%] had. E. vermicularis with high eosinophilia in 30 cases [22.2%]. Identification of E. vermicularis by peri-anal swab test in the cohort was successful [16.30%]. Males were more affected than females with ratio 2.2:1 and age mean 7.13 +/- 1.92. As to residence and housing, rural children with bad housing [73.08% and 88.46% respectively] were more affected than those living in urban areas with healthy housing [26.92% and 11.54% respectively]

Comparative study between the effect of nitazoxanide and paromomycine in treatment of cryptosporidiosis in hospitalized children

Ninety children infected with Cryptosporidium parvum attending Al Azhar University Teaching Hospital [Assuit] were chosen [60 males and 30 females] with age range from 6 months to ten years. The patients were divided into two groups of 45 patients for each [G1 and G2]. All patients suffered from chronic diarrhea for more than fifteen days. Cross-matched 45 children suffering from chronic diarrhea were used as a control group [G3]. Stool samples were collected and examined for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts using Sheather's sugar and Modified Ziehl-Nelseen stain techniques. The first group [G1] received Nitazoxanide [100 mg and 200 mg every 12 hours for 3 days for children aged 6 months to 3 years, and children aged 4 to 10 years respectively], G2 received Parornomycin [25mg/kg/day for 2 weeks]. Third group received placebo. Significant improvement and shortening of the duration of diarrhea occur in G1; of 45 patients received Nitazoxanide 39 cases showed complete clinical and laboratory cure [86.6%], 5 cases showed clinical improvement with reduction in the number of oocysts and 1 case showed no cure. In G2 of 45 cases received Paromomycin 31 cases showed complete cure [68.8%], 8 cases showed clinical improvement with reduction of oocysts number and 6 cases were not cured. Nitazoxanide proved highly effective than Paromomycin in cryptosporidiosis

Osmium [VIH]-catalyzed oxidation of indoles by potassium hexacyanoferrate [III] in alkaline media: a kinetic and mechanistic study

The reaction of indoles with Os [VIII] catalyzed hexacyanoferrate [III] in alkaline media to produce the corresponding oxindole has been studied at constant temperature and ionic strength. The reaction followed first order kinetics with respect to [indole], [OH[-] and [Os [VIII]], fractional order in [Fe[CN][6][-3]. The effects of added electrolytes, potassium hexacyanoferrate [II], relative permitivity and temperature have also been studied. A mechanism consistent with the kinetic data is proposed. Furthermore, the structural influence of the indoles on the reactivity has been discussed

Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of indoles by alkaline potassium hexacyanoferrate [III]

The reaction of indoles with hexacyanoferrate [III] in alkaline media to produce the corresponding oxindole has been studied at constant temperature and ionic strength. The reaction followed first order kinetics with respect to [indole] and [OH[-], whereas fractional order with respect to [Fe[CN][6][-3]] was found. The effects of added electrolytes, potassium hexacyanoferrate [II], relative permitivity and temperature have also been studied. On the basis of experimental observations, a probable reaction mechanism has been proposed

Natural convection mass transfer in presence of small amounts of alcohols

The effect of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and isopropanol on the rate of cathodic deposition of copper from acidified copper sulfate solution was studied. These alcohols caused a decrease in the limiting current by an amount ranging from 5.95 to 35.55%, depending on the type of alcohol and concentration. Langmuir adsorption isotherm was applied. The values of heat absorption and free energy of adsorption were calculated

Evaluation of some amino acids as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in sulphuric acid solutions at different temperatures

The inhibitive effects of some amino acids on the corrosion of steel in 2M H2SO4 acid have been investigated by weight loss and gasometric techniques at 25C. The inhibition efficiency depended on the type of amino acid and its concentration. The inhibition efficiency ranged from 42% to 91%. The amino acids used were cysteine, valine, phenylalanine, serine and theronine. The effect of temperature on the corrosion rate was investigated at 25-45C using weight loss method. Activation parameters were calculated and discussed

Electrochemical behaviour of stainless steel in acidic water-ethylene glycol mixture

The corrosion behavior of stainless steel type 304 in acidic solutions of water-ethylene glycol mixtures have been studied by both potentiostatic polarization and weight loss methods at 25. The active passive transition depends strongly on the acid concentration and water content of the medium. The results are interpreted in terms of the dependence of corrosion rate of the metal on the properties of the medium such as viscosity, dielectric constant, solvation and Hammett acidity function

Some anatomical studies on the thyroid gland of calf and adult camel

The left and right lobes of the thyroid gl and of calf and adult camel were located laterally and asymmetrically on the neck region, normally between the first and seventh tracheal rings. The two lobes were connected by gl and ular isthmus. Infrequently an accessory lobe was observed caudal to the principal thyroid lobes. The omohyoid muscle completely covered the thyroid lobe laterally. The thyroid lobes received their blood supply via the cranial and caudal thyroid arteries which entered the cranial, caudal and extremities, respectively, and their innervation from the vagus nerve

Acid base measurements in sea water

As a constant ionic medium, seawater is effective in stabilizing the activity coefficients of solutes present at low concentrations as well as the liquid junction potential of the pH cell. Therefore, there is a possibility of setting up an experimental scale based on the hydrogen ion concentration, a concept free from the uncertainties attendant on the use of the single ion activity. Electromotive measurements of cell, Pt, H2 [g, 1 atm]/bicine HCl [m1], bicine [m2] SW/AgCl, Ag, were used to determine the free hydrogen ion concentration [pmH] in synthetic seawater at constant ionic strength [0.67] over temperature range 25-45C. Apparent dissociation constant pK' [of bicinium ion] was found to be approximately the same. The emf data for the above cell were also used to establish st and ard reference values of pMH in the buffer solutions studied. Experimental values of pMH in artificial seawater [35% S] were obtained. Activity coefficients and trace activity coefficient of hydrochloric acid in natural seawater [I = 0.743] at 25C using emf of the cell, Pt, H2 [g, 1 atm]/HCl[m] SW/AgCl, Ag, were also reported

Chelating behaviour of substituted 3-arylhydrazo pentane-2,4-dione [SBHP] ligands Part VI Complexes of nickel [II] with o-,m-, p-, and 4-Me-o-sulphonic benzene hydrzo-pentane-2, 4-dione

In a previous article the composition and stability constants of the copper [II] complexes with o-, m-, p-, and 4-o-sulphonic benzenehydrazo-pentane-2, 4-dione ligands were determined. The present study deals with the determination of the composition, structure elucidation and stability constants of Ni [II] complexes with the above ligands by spectrophotometric, conductometric, and pH- metric measurements