Total versus subtotal abdominal hysterectomy influence on the urinary bladder function

To evaluate lower urinaiy tract flinctions in asymptomatic patients after subtotal abdominal hysterectomy and total abdominal hysterectomy. Forty mtdtiparous premenopausal patients, subjected to subtotal and total abdominal hysterectomy for non malignant causes, and with no urinary complains, were divided into two groups: Group A: Twenty patients in whom subtotal abdominal hysterectomy was performed. Group B: Twenty patients in whom total abdominal hysterectomy was undertaken. Urodynamic data [cystometry, uroflowmeny, and abdominal detrusor leak point pressure] were collected preoperatively, at the 4[th] week, and at the 4[th] month postoperative in both groups. The mean age of group A and B were 42.58 +/- 12.09 years and 43.9 +/- 13.21 years respectively. The mean parity of group A and B were 2.01 +/- 1 1.08 deliveries and 2.61 +/- 1 1.36 deliveries respectively. The mean body mass index of group A and B were 31.25 +/- 12.85 kg/m[2] and 30.7 +/- 1 3.01 kg/m[2] respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between both groups as regards the age, parity, and body mass index. Four weeks postoperative, patients of group A and B complain of frequency [in 20% and 40%], urgency [in 5% and 25%], urge incontinence[in 5% and 20%] respectively. After 4 months of the operation, frequency persisted in [10% and 25%]; urgency persisted in [5% and 20%], However, urge incontinence disappeared in the only one case of group A, which suffered from, while diminished in group B to 10% of the cases. Stress incontinence had never occurred in both studied groups postoperatively. No statistical significant differences were found in the bladder capacity and detrusor muscle activity preoperatively compared with follow up at 4 weeks and at 4 months postoperatively in both groups. Also, No statistical sign[ficant difference was found in residual urine volume preoperative compared with follow up at 4 weeks and at 4 months postoperatively of group [A]. However, significant postoperative increase in the residual urine volume is observed in patients of group [B]. Insignificant urinary complainsand functions changes, except, urgency and residual urine volume are significantly complicating total hysterectomy more than subtotal hysterectomy, with improvement occurred 4 months after the operation

Antidepressant-like activities of rosiglitazone in the rat forced swim and the mouse tail suspension tests

The current study aimed to investigate the possible antidepressant-like activity of rosiglitazone using the rat forced swimming test [FST] and the mouse tail suspension test [TST], two models predictive of antidepressant activities. In FST, 5 days administration of rosiglitazone [6 or 12 mg/kg, p.o.] significantly decreased the time of immobility without affecting the swimming time, Moreover, rosiglitazone significantly increased climbing, head shaking, and rubbing water away behaviors. These effects were not accompanied by any alteration in the locomotor activity of rats when tested in the open field test [OFT]. Additionally, treatment of rats with rosiglitazone significantly reduced plasma corticosterone levels. Administration of fluoxetine [10 mg/kg, p.o.] to the rats for 5 consecutive days, as a positive control, significantly reduced floating and increased swimming time without affecting climbing duration. Moreover, fluoxetine significantly increased head shaking behavior and reduced fecal boli count. However, fluoxetine produced no effect on plasma corticosterone levels. In TST, 5 days administration of rosiglitazone [8.5 or 17 mg/kg. p.o.] significantly reduced the immobility time, this effect was comparable to that observed with fluoxetine. Furthermore, rosiglitazone [17 mg/kg, p.o.] significantly antagonized dexamethazon-induced prolongation of immobility time in mice TST. In conclusion, the present Investigation suggests that rosiglitazone possesses a specific antidepressant-like activity in rodents' behavioral models and that this effect may be mediated through reduction of plasma corticosterone level

N-galloylhydroxylamine from pentagalloylglucose: analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, semi-synthesis

The pericarp of Harpullia pendula, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose, as a major gallotannin [7], was isolated together with other six polyphenolic metabolites. Their structures were established as gallic acid [1], methylgallate [2], ethylgallate [3], chlorogenic acid [4], 1, 2, 6-tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose [5] 1, 2, 4, 6-teta-O-galloyl-beta-Dglucopyranose [6], according the chromatographic properties, chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Compound 7 was subjected to a semi-synthesis with hydroxylamine hydrochloride resulting in a significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory N-galloyl-hydroxylamine bioactive product [8], which exhibited at dose [100 mg/kg] high significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities compared with indomethacin in dose [10 mg/kg]

Benificial effect of administration of green tea with celecoxib

This study was conducted on rats to investigate the anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic effects of four-day administration of green tea and its beneficial co-administration with celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor. The oral administration of green tea [20 and 40 mg/kg] exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan induced paw edema model; however, this effect was less than that evoked by celecoxib [25 mg/kg] which produced an anti-inflammatory activity superior to that of indomethacin [5 mg/kg] as a reference drug. The administration of celecoxib [25 mg/kg] with green tea [20 or 40 mg/kg] enhanced its anti-inflammatory activity. Green tea at both doses significantly inhibited plasma prostaglandin E2 [PGE2] level, but to an extent less than that produced by either celecoxib or indomethacin. The combined administration of green tea and celecoxib normalized plasma PGQ level. Green tea [20 and 40 mg/kg] exhibited a very weak ulcerogenicity [UI is 1.71 and 3.28, respectively] compared with that of celecoxib [UI is 10.43], which exhibited an ulcerogenic effect much less than that of indomethacin [UI is 21.6]. The combined administration of green tea [20 and 40 mg/kg] and celecoxib reduced the ulcerogenicity of celecoxib [UI is 8.37 and 8.84, respectively]. Moreover, serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were significantly increased after treatment with celecoxib, but to a less degree than that of indomethacin. The combined administration of green tea [20 and 40 mg/kg] significantly antagonized this effect and normalized urea nitrogen and creatinine levels

Effect of solvents on the cementation of copper

The rates of the copper [II]/zinc cementation reaction in organic- water mixtures were measured at 25C using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The relation between In Co/C and t in the absence of nonaqueous solvent and at a very diluted CuSO4 solution was given by In Co/C = K.A.t/V; while in the organic-water mixtures, the data fitted the equation of In Co/C = B + K.A.t/V. The rate constant of the cementation reaction increased with increasing the dielectric constant of the mixture. The rate of cementation increased in the order: Water > methanol > ethanol > n-propanol > 2-propanol

transplacental carcinogenic promoting activity of chloroacetonitrile the role of L-ornithine and its relation to glutathione content in embryonic tissue

The possible transplacental carcinogenic promoting activity of chloroacetonitrile [CAN, a by-product of drinking water chlorination process] in timed pregnant mice was studied. The activity was investigated through the assessment of the embryonic ornithine-decarboxylase [ODS] activity in relation to the embryonic glutathione [GSH] content after maternal administration of CAN. CAN was administered orally in a single dose of 25, 50, 70, 100 and 150 mg/kg diluted in 0.2 ml corn oil to the pregnant mice [GD 11.5]. All mice were killed 2 hours after treatment and the embryonic tissue was prepared for analysis. Also, a time course study protocol was studied, CAN was given in a single oral dose of 25 or 75 mg/kg to the pregnant mice and they were killed at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours post-treatment at GD 11.5. Maternal administration of CAN in doses of 25, 50, 75 mg/kg produced a marked increase in ODC activity expressed as pmole 14CO2/mg protein/30 min., associated with a significant reduction in GSH content. However, treatment with CAN either in a dose of 100 or 150 mg/kg showed significant reductions in ODC activity and GSH content. Concerning time-course study protocol, maternal administration of CAN either in 25 or 75 mg/kg produced a significant increase in the embryonic ODC activity accompanied with a remarkable decrease in GSH content measured at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours post-maternal treatment. The increase in the embryonic carcinogenic marker ODC which was associated with GSH depletion after administration of non-cytotoxic doses of CAN reflected an indication towards the mechanistic pathway of the transplacental carcinogenic promoting potential of CAN