ABSTRACT
The laparoscopic findings in 205 bilharzial infertile patients were compared to those of 203 infertile patients free from bilharziasis. The incidence of Bilharziasis of the upper genital tract [except that of the endometrium] is not such low as previously reported. Bilharzial nodules were visualized on the surface of the corpus uteri. Fallopian tubes, broad ligaments and pelvic peritoneum. Periuterine adhesions were significantly increased in the bilharzial group. Peritubal adhesions, fimbrial phimosis and tubal occlusion were not significantly different in the bilharzial and non-bilharzial cases. Periovarian adhesions and ovarian elargment were significantly increased in the bilharzial group. During laparoscopy, the presence of nodules on the suface of the pelvic organs with patent Fallopian tubes in patients with urinary and /or intestinal bilharziasis is fairly diagonstic of bilharzial infestation of the upper genital organs