Intekoital and foecal escherichia coli o-serotypes and its relationship to bacteriuria during pregnancy

Cultures from interoital swab, ectal swab and urine specimen elected from 130 patients who had a history of recurrent urinary tract infection. The intertal and rectal E. coli count increased significantly with the urinary count. The prognostic importance of the interoital swab cultures is shown during the follow up by the fact that 60% of the cases develop urinary tract infection when the original interiotal swab E. coli, while only 40% develop urinary tract infection when the initial interoital swab was negative. This difference is statistically significant. The infections were found to occur early in cases with initial E. coli, Patients who developed urinary tract infection were significantly older. There was a higher incidence of corrospondence between the urinary E. coli and the faecal and interoital E. coli strains in symptomatic cases than in asymptomatic bacteriuria indicating that the symptomatic urinary tract infections were not preceeded by asymptomatic bacteriuria. The most frequent E. coli O-group was 0-6. This suggests that E. coli 0-6 group is pathogenic for urinary tract. E. coli 0-6 showed corrospondence between urinary, interiotal and faecal isolates. The results suggest that the availability of E. coli in the vestibular and recte flora constitutes a permissive factor for ascending urinary tract infections to occur

Further laparoscopic evaluation of the pelvic organs in bilharzial patients

The laparoscopic findings in 205 bilharzial infertile patients were compared to those of 203 infertile patients free from bilharziasis. The incidence of Bilharziasis of the upper genital tract [except that of the endometrium] is not such low as previously reported. Bilharzial nodules were visualized on the surface of the corpus uteri. Fallopian tubes, broad ligaments and pelvic peritoneum. Periuterine adhesions were significantly increased in the bilharzial group. Peritubal adhesions, fimbrial phimosis and tubal occlusion were not significantly different in the bilharzial and non-bilharzial cases. Periovarian adhesions and ovarian elargment were significantly increased in the bilharzial group. During laparoscopy, the presence of nodules on the suface of the pelvic organs with patent Fallopian tubes in patients with urinary and /or intestinal bilharziasis is fairly diagonstic of bilharzial infestation of the upper genital organs

study of postmenopausal vaginal cytology and urinary oestrogens levels in relation to some climacteric symptoms

1. 160 postmenopausal cases were examined by vaginal cytology and total and fractional 24 hours urinary oestrogens and the results were correlated with some climacteric symptoms such as vascular, nervous complaints and superficial dyspareunia. 2. Some cases of postmenopausal women were found to have proliferatve vaginal smear indicating a certain level of endogenous oestrogen production. The K.P.I, was found to correlate with urinary oestrogen levels especially oestradiol. 3. Superficial dyspareunia was found to be more common in cases with less K.P.I, and lower oestradiol levels. 4. The presence of a correlation between K.P.I, and vascular and nervous scores indicates that posmenopausal oestrogen production does not protect against some climacteric symptoms. The presence of dyspareunia in cases with less K.P.I, indicates that postmenopausal oestrogen production protect against dyspareunia. 5. Karyopyknotic index is a 4 relatively simple index that can be used as a valuable aid in evaluating postmenopausal oestrogen production, and so it can be used as a method for selecting postmenopausal cases requiring oestrogen therapy

Materno-foetal plasma cortisol levels during spontaneous vaginal deliveries of normal and preeclamptic pregnancies

Plasma cortisol levels were estimated in both normal and preeclamptic pregant women during the last week of gestation as well as during spontaneous vaginal deliveries. Foetal plasma cortisol levels were also determined. The maternal plasma cortisol levels showed a signifcant increase during the process of labour in normal and preeclamptic cases. This suggests that the physical and psychological stress of labour leads to an increased activity of the anterior pitutary-adrenal axis. The significance of the changes in preeclamptic cases is discussed. The foetal plasma cortisol levels were almost always lower than their corresponding maternal levels. The decrease was however more in infants of preeclamptic cases. This denotes that the placental function partly determines the circulating foetal cortisol levels, which probably depends on the maternal cortisol passed through the placenta