Efficacy of ovsynch protocol on pregnancy in lactating dairy cattle during summer season

The objective of the present work was to determine the effect of Ovsynch protocol on pregnancy rate in lactating dairy cattle subjected to synchronization of ovulation during summer season.Induction of ovulation for timed artificial insemination [TAT] with Ovsynch protocol was conducted on forty Holstein Friesian cows from a commercial dairy herd in Alexandria disert road [Dina farm],Egypt during the summer season of 2004. Animals were assigned to four groups according to lactation number: G I 1[st]lactation n=13'',G II"2[nd] lactation n=7",G III"3[rd] lactation n=14" and GIV" 4[th] lactation n=6".The mean number of days postpartum [DM] at the start of treatment was 89.38, 77.28, 90.42and 84.66 for group I, II, III and IV, respectively. The frozen-thawed semen used for AI was of good quality. Pregnancy diagnosis was checked by rectal palpation 45 to 55 d after insemination. The pregnancy rate per AI was defined as the percentage of cows that were confirmed pregnant after one AI. High pregnancy rate [50%] was recorded for animals in G IV followed by G H and G HI [42.85%]. Low pregnancy rate [30.7%] was reported in Group I .The overall pregnancy rate was 40% . r From this investigation it could be concluded that synchronization of ovulation with GnRH and PGF2 a provided an effective way to manage reproduction in lactating dairy cattle exposed to heat stress during summer

comparative study of estrus induction with long-term and short term progesterone in ewes during non-breeding and breeding seasons

The objective of this trial was to compare the efficacy of long-term and short-term progesterone treatments on induction of estrus and pregnancy rate in Rahmani ewes during non-breeding and breeding seasons. Twenty-four animals were randomly grouped for two treatments with intravaginal progesterone device: Group A] during breeding season and Group B] during non-breeding season. Furthermore, both groups were subdivided into two treatments: Al and BI for short-treatment [7 days] and A2 and B2 for long-treatment [12 days]. The progesterone treatment was a vaginal sponge containing 40 mg medroxy progesterone acetate [MAP]. Equine chorionic gonadotrophin [eCG] and cloprostenol [PGF2 alpha] were intramuscularly administered to all ewes at the time of sponge removal. After the detection of estrus, the animals were hand-mated naturally. During the breeding season, mean percentages of estrus and pregnancy were 100% and 83.33%, respectively in both the short-term and long-term treated groups. During the non-breeding season, the average values of estrus were 100% in short-term and 100% for long-term progesterone treatment, but the pregnancy rates were 66.67 and 50.00% in the short- and long-term treated groups, respectively. The treatment with progesterone for short-term [7 days] was effective to induce estrus in sheep during both breeding and non-breeding seasons

Effect of tiaprofenic acid [surgam] on the albino rat kidney [a light and electron microscope study]

To reveal the effect of tiaprofenic acid [surgam] administration on the renal tissue, thirty healthy adult male albino rats divided into 3 groups were utilized. Control group [10 rats] received only distilled water [1 mg/kg body weight] I.M. daily for 6 weeks, treated group [10 rats] received [15 mg/kg body weight] I.M. daily for 6 weeks and examined immediately after stopping treatment and recovery group [10 rats] received the same course of tiaprofenic acid as the treated group but they were examined 3 weeks after stopping treatment. The animals were anaesthetized with ether. Kidney specimens were processed for preparation of paraffin sections which were stained with Hx and E, P.A.S. and Masson trichrome stain for histological study. Other minute specimens from the kidneys were processed for transmission electron microscope study. Areas of necrosis were detected with increased interstitial fibrosis, thickening of glomerular capillaries basement membranes and hypertrophied glomeruli. Ultrastructural changes were also found in the form of fusion of podocytes foot processes, localized thickening of glomerular capillaries basement membranes, degenerated tubular cells with affected nuclei and mitochondria. These changes did not disappear in animals examined 3 weeks after stopping of treatment. Patches of necrosis, hyaline tubular casts and interstitial hemorrhage were also found. The ultrastructural examination revealed focal fusion of podocytes foot processes and thickened glomerular capillaries basement membranes as well as distorted mitochondria and vacuolated cytoplasm of proximal convoluted renal tubules cells

Histological and histochemical study of alloxan induced diabetes on the liver of rabbit

In the present study thirty rabbits were used and divided into control group [A] and two experimental groups B and C injected with 100mg/kgm body weight of alloxan. The animals of group B were sacrificed eight weeks after injection while those of group [C], were sacrificed after sixteen weeks of injection. The dissected liver was fixed in 10% formal saline and processed for routine paraffin technique. The obtained sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Masson trichrome, PAS technique. Bests carmine and Gomori calcium phosphate for alkaline phosphatse. Examination of the liver sections of control group [A] revealed classical structure of hepatic lobule with great amount of glycogen granules. Alkaline phosphatase activity was weak. Liver sections of diabetic rabbits for 8 weeks showed mild inflammatory reaction with condensation of collagen fibers in the portal tract. Glycogen content decreased and alkaline phosphatase activity was moderate. Sixteen weeks after injection of alloxan vacuolation of liver cells, marked condensation of collagen fibers in portal tract and periportal region and decreased glycogen content were observed. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was moderate. This study concluded that, untreated diabetes mellitus could lead to a destructive effect on liver cells and their enzymes

Milk progesterone in cows during oestrus cycle and postpartum period as a monitor of reproductive status

The mean oestrus cycle length measured by milk progesterone assay was found to be 20.66 +/- 0.22 days and the follicular phase was about 7.33 +/- 0.18 days; while the luteal phase was about 13.33 +/- 0.26 days. The progesterone concentration in the milk was significantly affected by day and phase of the cycle. The milk progesterone concentration did not exceed 2 ng/m1 during the first 15 days postpartum, but its level increased gradually to reach a peak as [17 ng/m1] on day 26 postpartum

effect of season on some morphohistological and biochemical features of the bulbourethral and prostate glands of fat-tailed rams in subtropics

A total of 248 bulbourethral gl and s of 124 adult rams slaughtered over a period of one year were collected. Means of 1.24, 0.85 cm and 0.90 g were recorded for length, diameter and weight of the gl and, respectively. Histologically the gl and was of tubulo-alveolar type, lined by simple columnar epithelial cells with a mean height of 16.80 um. Fructose and citric acid [mg%] were 26.05 and 2.49, respectively. Highly significant seasonal variations in the diameter, weight, height of the secretory cells as well as in fructose and citric acid concentrations were observed. The prostate gl and was consisting of pars disseminate. It was compound tubulo-acinar type. The gl and ular epithelium was simple cuboidal to columnar with an average height of 17.68 um. Fructose and citric acid were 15.93 and 3.35 mg%, respectively. Seasons had significant effects on height of the secretory cells and on the level of fructose concentration