Essentiality of dietary phospholipid and / or alpha-6 fatty acid for development of common carp cyprinus carpio L. larvae stage

Trials were undertaken with first-feeding common carp Cyprinus carpio larvae after hatching to determine the effect of dietary soy bean oil as omega-6 Source and / or phospholipid [PL] with two levels [2 and 4%] on the average growth performance and survival rate in series of two periods [about 30-day each] located in Fish Research Station belonging to National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries. Low morality% occurred with level of 4% PL in the first period, and with level of 2% oil in the second period. The average growth performance were improved with diet contained 2% PL in the first period and with diet contained 2% soy bean oil and PL together [50 : 50%] in the second period. Concerning, body fatty acid composition, [FA's] the high values of saturated FA occurred in fish received 4% oil while, the higher values of unsaturated and omega-6 FA's were obtained with diet contained 2%PL. The present study clearly confirmed that addition of phospholipid to the diet was Important to obtain good survival of first-feeding common carp larvae up to 4% dietary level. In the other old stage of larvae the uptake and desertification of fatty acid occurred without addition of more phospholipid to the diet that may be due to a sufficient quantity of phospholipid of endogenous origin for micelle formation in the intestinal lumen

influences of alpha 6 / alpha 3 dietary fatty acid ratio on growth performance and body fatty acid composition of Nile tilapia [Oreochromis niloticus]

The effect of different dietary fatty acid Sources [Fish oil [PUFA], Soybean oil [omega 6], linseed oil [omega 3]] on growth performance of Nile tilapia [Oreochromis niloticus] and body fatty acids composition was investigated. Tilapia fed diet containing 4.2 [6 / omega 3 ratio [3% soybean oil]] had higher significant [P

Utilization of amino acids in Nile tilapia [oreochromis niloticus] fry. 1- Utilization efficiency of synthetic amino acid by Nile Tilapia fry

The effect of replacing different levels of synthetic amino acids [15%, 35%, 50%, 65% and 85%] in the same proportions as in dietary casein protein on growth performance and nitrogen retention [NR] of Nile tilapia fry was investigated. The fry fed the experimental diets containing synthetic amino acids at levels 15% and 35% of dietary crude protein of casein, were significantly [P < 005] higher in the final body weight than the other treatments. The same trend was shown in average daily gain and specific growth rate. Feed conversion ratio was improved by increasing replacement of synthetic amino acid up to 35% of dietary protein casein compared to other treatments. The percentage of whole body moisture, ether extract and ash content increased significantly [P < 0.05] as the level of dietary synthetic amino acid level increased, while inverse trend was observed with percentage of whole crude protein and gross energy. The data confirm that increasing synthetic amino acids level more than the replacement level of 35% from casein in the tilapia diet affected negatively on growth and feed utilization of tilapia fry

Utilization of amino acids in nile tilapia [oreochromis niloticus] fry. 3- Utilization of non-essential amino acids as energy source

An experiment was designed to find out the effect of the replacement of essential amino acids by non-essential amino acids as energy source at seven ratios [45%: 55% as a control, 50%: 50%, 40%: 60%, 35%: 65%, 30%: 70%, 25%: 75% and 20%: 80%, essential amino acid: non-essential amino acid,] respectively. The higher significant [P