comparison of Friedwald formula and direct measurement to determine the serum levels of LDL-C

The risk of coronary heart disease [CHD] is proportional to the LDL-C lipoprotein. Due to frequent use of Friedwald formula in estimation of LDL-C in most laboratories, this study was done to compare the Friedwald formula and direct measurement to determine the serum levels of LDL-C. This descriptive study was conducted on of 598 patients 226 male and 372 female whome referred to Imam Ali hospital Andimeshk cityin Khozestan province of Iran for health check up during 2009. 5 ml of the venous blood was drown. Total cholesterol [TC] [mg/dl], Triglyceride [TG] [mg/dl], HDL-C [mg/dl] and LDL-C [mg/dl] of serum are measured with Pars azmun company kits. The Friedwald formula was used for estimation of LDL-C. The K=3, 3.5 and 5 were used to stimate the lipid by Friedwald formula. Data were analyzed using SPSS-18, Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA tests. A total of 598 serum samples collected; 37.8% were men and 62.2% women. The mean age of participants was 38.8 +/- 10.77 years. Minimum age 21 years and maximum age was 77 years. Mean deviation for TG

Necessity of accreditation standards for quality assurance of medical basic sciences

The present article reviews the significance of accreditation standards while emphasizing the necessity of implementation of such standards by basic medical science council, with an eye on such international standards as those published by WFME. This review article had to decide on the key words and expressions, data bases, to review relevant literature, review higher and medical education journals at GOOGLE, ELSEVIER, PUBMED, and such web sites as those of WFME and WMA's. Accreditation is a powerful leverage for institutional change and improvement and must be actively supported by academic and national health authorities worldwide. Considering the mission of the Basic Medical Science, Health and Post grad. Education, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran as accountable medical education, all specialists of the spectrum of disciplines agreed on the necessity of formulating the medical education standards for all disciplines of their interest. It is important that all efforts be joined in the endeavor to create effective and reliable instruments for quality assurance of Basic Medical Sciences Education

[Effect of vertical prism induced stress on binocular visual evoked potential]

To evaluate the effect of vertical prism induced stress on binocular visual evoked potentials. Using checkerboard stimulus patterns in two spatial frequencies [SFs] of 0.48 cpd as a low SF and 2.18 cpd as a moderate SF reversing with temporal frequency of 4 Hz, the effect of increasing visual stress using vertical prisms of 0, 1, 2 and 3 prism diopters on binocular visual evoked potentials was investigated. The project was performed on 23 participants [11 male and 12 female] with normal binocular visual function, i.e., vertical prism vergences and stereo acuities were within normal limits. The amplitude and latency of N75, P100 and N135 components were measured during different vertical prism induced stresses in all cases. To compare mean amplitude and latency with different vertical prism induced stresses, the repeated measure ANOVA statistical method was used. The amplitude of N75, P100 and N135 components showed reduction as a function of vertical prism induced stress at both low and moderate SFs [P<0.001]. This reducing trend was more severe with increasing intensity of prism stress, while the latency of these components showed an increase as a function of vertical prism induced stress at both low and moderate SFs [P<0.001]. Based on clinical findings, ocular symptoms are caused by the vertical prism induced stress; in visual evoked potential as a paraclinical test, amplitude and latency of all components of the VEP wave, are affected by this stress

[Effect of terbutaline on performance and some blood biochemical parameters of broiler chicks]

To study the effects of different levels of beta-adrenergic agonists on performance and some blood biochemical parameters of male and female broiler chicks. Factorial study [5treatment x 2 sexes] as completely randomized design. Three hundred Cobb male and female broiler chicks. Twenty one day old chickens were fed with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg terbutaline/kg of diet for 3 weeks. After then, performance[Feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio], weight of whole body and carcass of chicks and the concentration of serum glucose [GLC], cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], creatine kinase [CK], glutamic oxaloacetic transferase [GOT] and blood urea nitrogen [BUN] of chicks were determined at the end of experiment. Analysis of Variance of the data and Duncan's multiple range tests. While different levels of terbutaline had not any effect on the body weight gain of chicks, feed conversion ratio of the roosters reduced in response to 5 and 10 mg terbutaline /kg the highest weight of the whole body and carracas of male and female chiks were seen with mg terbutaline kg of diet. Increased dietary level of terbutaline made increase in the concentration of GLC. The highest concentration of blood TC and TG were seen by 10 mg terbutaline. Different levels of terbutaline had not any effect on the concentration of CK, GOT and BUN. Results showed that 5 mg terbutaline /kg in grower diet made increase in whole body and carcass weight of male and female broiler chicks. Furthermore, it improved the feed conversion ratio in roosters

[Effects of rapeseed meal and iodine supplement on broiler chicks]

To study the effects of rapeseed meal and iodine supplementation on performance, organs weight and some biochemical parameters of broiler chicks. Completely randomized design with 3 dietary treatments. One hundred and twenty one-day-old Arian broiler chicks [mixed male and female]. Chickens were categorized into 3 groups: soybean meal, rapeseed meal, and rapeseed meal plus iodine [2mg/kg]. feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were determined at the end of starter, grower, finisher and whole priod states Moreover, the values of relative weight of liver, gallbladder, heart, spleen, gizzard, abdominal fat pad and carcass accompaning with serum concentrations of triiodothyronine, thyroxine, gamma glutamyltransferase and alanin aminotransferase were determined at 49 day of age. Significant differences among treatments determined by Duncan's multiple range tests. While rapeseed meal [RSM] reduced, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio, iodine supplement did not affect body weight gain and feed conversion ratio during starter, grower and whole period states. In contrast to iodine treatment the highest weight of gallbladder and its ratio to whole body weight were seen with RSM. The weight of abdominal fat pad and its ratio to whole body weight were reduced in RSM and RSM puls iodine supplementation. Iodine Supplementation had effect on the concentration of thyroxine, triiodothyronine gamm glutamyltransferase and alanin aminotransferase in RSM group. The complete replacement of rapeseed meal with soybean reduced performance and concentration of triiodothyronine hormone, and increased some organs weight, idoine supplementation had no effect on erfrmanc