ABSTRACT
Hypomania is a mood disorder with symptoms of constantly high expansive or irritable mood. After a 4-day period, the patient feels to be in need of less sleep, being talkative, or feeling pressure if not treated kindly, having flight of ideas, distractibility, and increase in goal oriented activities [including social, occupational, educational or sexual activities] and being extravagant. Hypomania could be a mood episode of bipolar I and II mood disorder or cyclothymia and could be resulted from consumption of drugs, materials, Electro Convulsive Therapy [ECT] or photo therapy. The present report is the case of a 57-year old married woman, who has had a record of bipolar I mood disorder since 30 years ago. The patient was hospitalized once in psychiatry hospital and referred to psychiatry office 2 years ago. She has been under medication therapy by lithium 600 mg, nortriptyline 75 mg, and colonazpam 1mg. She has taken risperidone 2mg, the symptoms of hypomania have revealed. After stopping the consumption of risperidone, the treatment continued by lithium tablet 900 mg, eskazina tablet 4 mg, nortriptyline 75 mg for one day. She was under care for 15 months and then due to muscle complications of lithium, pessimism, auditory and visual hallucination, she was recommended to take olanzapine tablet 5mg once every night. Two days after taking olanzapine the symptoms of hypomania revealed. Consumption of olanzapine was then stopped and the symptomsdisappeared and she was brought under control after taking sodiumvalproate tablet. Rarely could Hypomania be a mood episode induced by consuming atypical antipsychotics such as risperidone and olanzapine
ABSTRACT
With regard to the relationship between exposure to electromagnetic fields and development of potential biological system impairments and increasing number of these fields, the current research was conducted in 2004 on 101 employees of high voltage centers to determine the role of working in these fields on mental health. One hundred and one employees were exposed to electromagnetic field at 50 Hz found from 230 kV current. We used SCL-90-R test and compared the subjects with the control group. Data analysis showed that the mean scores of the case group in Global Severity Index and Positive Symptom Total with significant difference were higher than that of the control group [P<0.022 and P<0.049]. Positive Symptom Distress Index showed no significant difference between the two groups. Cases had also higher scores in all subscales in comparison with the control group. It was statistically significant for subscales of somatization, depression, anxiety, hostility and phobia. For psychoticism with P>0.05 it tended not to be significant. No correlation was found between age, marital status and split-shift working with GSI scores. Employment in electromagnetic fields at extremely low frequency can lead to the development of mental disorders. However, the results need confirmation by other controlled trials
ABSTRACT
Epilepsy is the most prevalent chronic nervous disease among general population prevalence of depression among these patients is twice that of individuals suffering from other disabling diseases. However, depression is often undiagnosed in these patients or treated partially, leading to serious consequences. The present study was designed to asses the prevalence of depressive symptoms and risk factors related to depression in epileptic patients. The present study is a descriptive research. 97 epileptic patients referred to the hospitals affiliated with the Shaheed Beheshti University were evaluated by Beck Inventory and a demographic questionnaire. Beck inventory revealed that 51.6% of epileptic patients, [with generalized tonic clonic epilepsy], suffered from mild and moderate depression. There was a significant relation between depression and the following variables: occupation, educational level, economic status and residential place [p<0.05]. Our findings suggested a high rate of depressive symptoms among epileptic patients most of them had not received optimal treatment. Considering the fact that depression is amenable to treatment, screening and timely diagnose is useful and important
ABSTRACT
Depression is prevalent health concern in patients with unstable angina. Mild depressive symptoms could increase the risk of cardiac mortality after unstable angina. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the symptoms of depression in patients with unstable angina. For this descriptive study, 100 patients with unstable angina [49 females and S1 males] who have been hospitalized in teaching hospitals affiliated to Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were included. Depression was evaluated by means of Beck test. Chi square was used for data analysis. Depression was found in 71% of the subjects; 21% severe depression, 35% moderate and 15% mild depression. Times of admission were significantly more in depressed patients. Meanwhile, female subjects showed further susceptibility to depression. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment of depressed subjects who had suffered from an acute coronary heart disease may substantially reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity
ABSTRACT
With regard to the relation of exposure to electromagnetic field and disorders in some biological systems and also with respect to the increasing development of these fields, the present study was conducted on 101 employees in high voltage centers in Tehran in 2001 to determine the role of occupation in extremely low frequency [ELF] electromagnetic fields on mental health.101 individuals who were employed in electromagnetic fields at 50Hz frequency as a result of 230 KV current [case group] and 101 matched controls, [personnel of the administrative section], with no history of working in high voltage centers, entered this historical cohort study. Mental health status was examined using three choice GHQ-28 test utilizing cut off point of 17. Individuals who had received score of >17 were considered "probably unhealthy". All 202 examined individuals were male and aged over 18 years. Of these, 17% in the control and 32.7% in the case group were revealed to be "probably unhealthy", [P < 0.01]. The relative risk of working in these fields raised the incidence of mental unhealthiness by 1.9 times [2.1-3.1 in community, p < 0.05].Working in electromagnetic fields at extremely low frequency increases the incidence of mental unhealthiness. In spite of suitable validity and reliability of GHQ-28 test, according to many domestic and foreign studies, researches including clinical interview are recommended. With regard to their high risk job and the importance of mental health for good performance, paying further attention to their mental health, screening and timely treatment of patients is suggested
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Mental Health , EmploymentABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic metabolic disease. Optimal management of psychiatric problems, especially depression, may lead to better control of blood glucose levels in diabetics. Unfortunately, depression is usually neglected in medical diseases. We evaluated the prevalence of depression using a simple test, [Beck test], to screen for depression in diabetics. One hundred known diabetic patients were evaluated for the presence of symptoms of depression using the Beck Questionnaire. Age, marital status, sex, duration of diabetes, type of diabetes, and history of taking antidepressants were recorded. Based on Beck test, depression was discovered in seventy eight percent of diabetics. There were significant differences between depressed and non-depressed individuals regarding sex, complications of disease, duration of diabetes and age [p < 0.005, p < 0.001, p < 0.05, p < 0.005, respectively]. Our findings revealed high prevalence of depression symptoms among diabetic patients. Considering the conventional simple therapies for depression, proper screening among diabetics seems to be necessary