Efficacy of cognitive - behavioral stress management f training on symptoms severity and psychological well-being of patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome [IBS] was one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders. Psychological treatments have been effective in reducing symptoms severity and increasing mental health and well-being of these patients to some extent. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive - behavioral stress management training on symptoms severity and psychological well-being of patients with IBS. The study was an experimental clinical trial with pretest - posttest design with control group. The subjects were 30 patients with IBS who were selected based on convenience sampling and were randomly divided into one experimental [N=15] and one control [N=15] group. there was a significant relation between symptoms severity and psychological wellbeing in two groups [p<0.001]. Cognitive - behavioral stress management training can be effective in reducing symptoms severity and improvement of mental health in patients with IBS and attention to the psychological situation of these patients is necessary

association of alexithymia and sense of coherence with life satisfaction in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD] influences the lives of many of students. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between alexithymia, sense of coherence and life satisfaction in students with ADHD symptoms and normal student. This research is a causal-comparative study. The research sample consisting of 47 students with ADHD symptoms and 47 normal students was selected through a simple random sampling method. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression analyses. The results showed that alexithymia [r = 0.33] and sense of coherence [r = -0.26] were related to life satisfaction in ADHD and normal students. The results of multiple regression showed that alexithymia and sense of coherence explained 20% of the variance in life satisfaction in students. The results show that sense of coherence has positively but alexithymia was negatively related with life satisfaction in ADHD student

Comparing the recognition of emotional facial expressions in patients with obsessive-compulsive and major depression

Recognition of emotional facial expressions is one of the psychological factors which involve in obsessive-compulsive disorder [OCD] and major depressive disorder [MDD]. The aim of present study was to compare the ability of recognizing emotional facial expressions in patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and major depressive disorder. The present study is a cross-sectional and ex-post facto investigation [causal-comparative method]. Forty participants [20 patients with OCD, 20 patients with MDD] were selected through available sampling method from the clients referred to Tabriz Bozorgmehr clinic. Data were collected through Structured Clinical Interview and Recognition of Emotional Facial States test. The data were analyzed utilizing MANOVA. The obtained results showed that there is no significant difference between groups in the mean score of recognition emotional states of surprise, sadness, happiness and fear; but groups had a significant difference in the mean score of diagnosing disgust and anger states [p<0.05]. Patients suffering from both OCD and MDD show equal ability to recognize surprise, sadness, happiness and fear. However, the former are less competent in recognizing disgust and anger than the latter

[ comparison of postpartum depression among low-risk-pregnant women with emotion- and problem-focused coping strategies]

Postpartum depression is one of most important health problems in women. This study was performed with the purpose of comparing the frequency of postpartum depression in pregnant women with emotion and problem-focused coping strategies. This study was conducted as a prospective cohort study on 200 pregnant women with stress [low and high levels]. The samples were pregnant women referred to all health-treatment, centers of Ardabil, which were selected using a multi-stage sampling method; and according to coping strategy, they were divided into two groups: emotion-focused and problem-focused. Low-risk pregnant women completed questionnaires about demographic characteristics, perceived stress, and Billings and Moos coping strategies in the 38[th] to 42[th]week of their pregnancy, and completed the Edinburgh depression scale in the 3[th]to 4[th]weeks after childbirth. Data were analyzed using chi 2 and t tests. p<0.05 considered significant. In this study, 170 participant women [85%] used emotion-focused strategy and 30 women [15%] used problem-focused strategy. Frequency of postpartum depression was 6.7% in the problem-focused group and 8.2% in the emotion-focused group. There was no significant difference in the frequency of postpartum depression between women with the problem- and emotion-focused strategies. Relative risk for postpartum depression was 1.2 times more among the women used emotion-focused strategy than women used problem-focused strategy [p<0.05]. According to the results of this study, there was no significant relationship between postpartum depression and the two emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies. This can be due to high influence of postpartum specific endocrine factors in the etiology of this type of depression compared to other depressions

relation of alexithymia and cognitive /behavioral coping strategies with psychological vulnerability of women with somatization disorder

There is little information about the relationship of alexithymia and cognitive/behavioral coping strategies with psychological vulnerability. The recent studies indicate that alexithymia and coping strategies affect psychological vulnerability. The present study aims to determine the relationship of alexithymia and cognitive/behavioral coping strategies with psychological vulnerability of women with somatization disorder. The samples of this study included 120 patients with somatization disorder who were selected as convenience sampling among those who attended the psychology centers of Ardabil. Pain coping questionnaire, alexithymia questionnaire, and symptom questionnaire were used to collect the information. The research data were analyzed using the Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis methods. The results indicated that there are significant correlations between alexithymia [r = 0.52], cognitive coping strategies [r = -0.27], behavioral coping strategies [r = -0.33] and psychological vulnerability of women with somatization disorder. The results of step-by-step multivariate regression analysis suggested that alexithymia and cognitive/ behavioral coping strategies clarifies 37 percent of the variance of psychological vulnerability of women with somatization disorder. These findings indicate that cognitive/behavioral coping strategies and alexithymia are associated to psychological vulnerability of women with somatization disorder. In addition, these results have special application in prevention, pathology as well as psychotherapy of this disorder.

role of child abuse and neglect in predicting the early maladaptive schemas domain

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of child abuse and neglect in predicting the early maladaptive schemas domains. This is a causal-comparative research. Sampling was performed using multistage clustering and simple random sampling methods. 500 individuals constituted the preliminary sample. After identifying 140 abused individuals, they were compared to 140 ordinary persons. In order to collect the data, the 53-item version of Bernstein Childhood Trauma Questionnaire [CTQ], and Yang Schema Questionnaire: Short Form 2 [YSQ-SF2] were used. To analyze the data, multivariate regression coefficient enter method was deployed. Results showed that about 24% of the variance of the disconnection and rejection maladaptive schema domain, as well as 12% of the variance of the impaired autonomy and performance maladaptive schema domain were explained by the emotional abuse, physical abuse, and physical neglect. 13% of the other-directedness maladaptive schema domain variance, 6% of the impaired limits maladaptive schema domain, and 5% of the overvigilance and inhibition maladaptive schema domain variance were explained by the emotional abuse. According to the findings, it can be concluded that one could predict schemas and their respective domains with regards to abused children. Abused children are likely to develop maladaptive schemas and cognitive distortions due to the dull and harsh atmosphere of the family and its unhealthy environment.

effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy on the emotion regulation and emotion recognition of addicted individuals

The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy on the emotion regulation and emotion recognition of addicts with traumatic experience. This research is an experimental study with pre and post-test design and a control group. The subjects of this study were selected using random sampling method on drug addicts of Ardebil Addiction Treatment Camp who have successfully completed the detoxification period and they were evaluated in two different experimental [15 individuals] and control [15 individuals] groups. The experimental group was treated with EMDR therapy for 8 sessions [each one for 60 minutes] and the control group received no special treatment. All participants filled a questionnaire of Emotion Regulation and Emotion Recognition at the onset of the research and 2 months after termination of treatment. For the data analysis, SPSS-17 software and covariance analysis were used. The results of covariance analysis test indicated that the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy intervention increased the average of positive emotion regulation and emotion recognition scores in the post-test phase and significantly reduced the average of negative emotion regulation scores. These results suggest that the treatment of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is effective in improving regulation and recognition of emotions in addicts with traumatic experience.

[Effectiveness of mindfulness and emotion regulation trainings on physical and psychological well-being among chemical weapon victims]

Chemical weapon victims are suffering from physical difficulties and psychological trainings may help to decrease these problems. The purpose of this research was to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness and emotion regulation training on physical and psychological well-being in chemical weapon victims. An experimental, pre-post and follow-up study designed. Forty seven chemical weapon victims men with low mental health in Sardasht city [North-Western Iran] randomly selected and assigned into three groups: 1-Mindfulness training group 2- Emotion regulation training group and 3- Control group. The first two groups were received mindfulness-based stress education training and emotion regulation training respectively, while no training provided for control group. Data was collected using the General Health Questionnaire, and Physical Syndromes Scale. Analysis of variance with repeated measure was used for analyzing the data. Results indicated that mindfulness and emotion regulation were significantly improved physical syndromes and mental health in chemical weapon victims. Also, the effectiveness of mindfulness in follow-up scores of physical syndromes and in post-test and follow-up scores of mental health was higher than the base line scores [P<0.01].Our findings confirmed effectiveness of mindfulness and emotion regulation on improvement of physical syndromes and mental health in chemical weapon victims. Therefore, mindfulness and emotion regulation training could be suggested for improvement of physical and psychological well-being among chemical weapon victims

[Temperament and personal character relationship with symptoms of schizophrenia disorder]

Knowledge is limited concerning the role of temperament and character factors on schizophrenia. Recent studies suggest that dimensions of temperament and character influence symptoms and functions in schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between temperament and character with positive and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The research sample consisted of 100 men which were randomly selected from schizophrenia patients with positive and negative symptoms at Razi hospital in Tabriz. Temperament and character inventory and positive and negative symptoms scale were used for data collection. Data was analyzed using t-test and discriminate analyses. The research findings showed that patients with schizophrenia with negative symptoms had higher levels of self- transcendence and harm avoidance. However, patients with schizophrenia with positive symptoms had higher levels of cooperativeness. The results of discriminate analysis showed that explained 37 percent of variance of self- transcendence, harm avoidance and cooperativeness for only function between groups of schizophrenia with positive and negative symptoms. Discriminate function obtained was classified correctly by stepwise method 68.3 percent schizophrenia with positive and negative symptoms. It can be concluded that self- transcendence, harm avoidance and cooperativeness discriminated the patients with schizophrenia with positive and negative symptoms. The study confirmed important implications about intensity of symptomology and early intervention for patients with schizophrenia

[ correlation of sense of coherence and type-D personality with health in coronary artery patients]

There are many studies confirmed the role of psychological elements in etiology of coronary artery diseases and their progressive course. The aim of the present research was to investigate the correlation of sense of coherence and type-D personality with health in coronary artery diseases. In this correlational study, 60 patients with coronary artery disease were selected among patients who had referred to cardiology clinic of Heshmat Hospital [summer 2009] in Rasht City, northern part of Iran. For all patients, sense of coherence scale, type-D personality scale and health survey questionnaire were fulfilled. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analyses. The results of Pearson's correlation coefficient showed that sense of coherence [r=0.22] and type-D personality [r= -0.62] were significantly related to health of patients with coronary artery disease [P<0.05]. The results of multiple regression showed that only negative affect component predicted the health in patients with coronary artery disease. The results indicated that high level of negative affect reduces health in patients with coronary artery disease