ABSTRACT
Objective: Although stem cell transplantation has beneficial effects on tissue regeneration, but there are still problems such as high cost and safety issues. Since stem cell therapy is largely dependent on paracrine activity, in this study, utilization of transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells [BMSCs]-secretome instead of the cells, into damaged ovaries was evaluated to overcome the limitations of stem cell transplantation
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, BMSCs were cultured and 25-fold concentrated conditioned medium [CM] from BMSCs was prepared. Female rats were injected intraperitoneally with cyclophosphamide [CTX] for 14 days. Then, BMSCs and CM were individually transplanted into bilateral ovaries, and the ovaries were excised after four weeks of treatment. The follicle count was performed using hematoxylin and eosin [H and E] staining and the apoptotic cells were counted using TUNEL assay. Ovarian function was evaluated by monitoring the ability of ovulation and the levels of serum estradiol [E2] and follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]
Results: Evaluation of the ovarian function and structure showed that results of secretome transplantation were almost similar to those of BMSCs transplantation and there was no significant differences between them
Conclusion: BMSCs-secretome is likely responsible for the therapeutic paracrine effect of BMSCs. Stem cell- secretome is expected to overcome the limitations of stem cell transplantation and become the basis of a novel therapy for ovarian damage
ABSTRACT
Background: Milk proteins genes have been the focus of the researches as the candidate target genes that play a decisive role when animal breeding is desired
Objectives: In the present study, the transcriptional levels of Beta-lactoglobulin [BLG] and Alpha S1 casein [CSN1S1] genes were investigated during prenatal, milking and drying times in mammary glands of the Adani goats which showed high and low breeding values
Materials and Methods: The breeding values of the animals were estimated first by applying multi-trait random regression model. Using the biopsy gun, the mammary gland samples were taken and real-time PCR was applied to search the expression of the genes. Fixed factors of the model were the breeding value groups, sampling times and their interactions
Results: The interactions were significant for both genes. At milking time, the high breeding value group exhibited more transcriptional levels for BLG and less transcriptional levels for CSN1S1 gene compared with the low breeding value group. The expression patterns of these genes were also different between the two breeding value groups. The maximum level of BLG and CSN1S1 transcriptions were found to occur at drying time
Conclusions: A difference in the gene expression was observed between the two groups which indicate the change in the nucleotide sequence for transcription factor binding sites, or miRNA binding sites, otherwise in the coding regions. Therefore, the variations in the coding and promoter regions of this gene should be investigated in the further studies