ABSTRACT
Although the exact time of performing plastic surgery is not addressed in the medical and historical literature, it can be supposed that these surgical procedures have a long and fascinating history
Recent excavations provided many documents regarding the application of medical instruments, surgical and even reconstructive procedures during the pre-historic and ancient periods. Actually, there is no historical definite time-zone separating general and cosmetic operations in the pre-modern time; however, historically there have been many surgeons who tried to perform reconstructive procedures during their usual medical practice. This article presents a brief look at the history of plastic surgery form the ancient to the contemporary era, with a special focus on Iran
ABSTRACT
Rhinoplasty is one of the most common aesthetic procedures in the world. It is the most common aesthetic surgery procedure in Iran. Achieving complete patient satisfaction is almost impossible but improving the aesthetics and function of the nose is the aim of surgery. This report describes a 34 years old woman with a large bump in the tip of the nose after three times cosmetic rhinoplasties. The first time was done 4 years before referral to our center as a reduction rhinoplasty operation. The next two subsequent surgeries were performed for revision and correcting the dorsal irregularities and supra tip bulge. Unfortunately the supratip bulge persisted and subsequent subcutaneous injections of corticosteroids and fibrinolysin were carried out. She developed a bulbous tip nose deformity. Therefore, after a few months; she was referred to our center. Surgical exploration showed a lesion in the supratip region and histopathologic examination showed a foreign body reaction and granuloma formation
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, plastic surgeries are among the most popular types of surgeries around the world and Iran has one of the highest rankings in this respect regarding its population size. Based on these facts, the present study was conducted in order to evaluate the volunteers' motivations attitudes and informational sources in Tehran, Iran. The study was conducted on a cross-sectional basis. All patients who underwent plastic surgeries during years 2005 and 2006 were evaluated and all the required information was recorded and statistically analyzed. Seventy five patients were enrolled. Their average age was 33 +/- 13 years [minimum of 17 and maximum of 63 years old]. Rhinoplasty [52%] and abdominoplasty [8%] were the most and least common performed surgeries, respectively. The major important motivators were family, friends, classmates, and colleagues [40%] and the least were magazines and journals [4%]. 10.7% of the participants described the posture and function of the target organs as perfect, but they planned to improve its aesthetic or functional aspects by surgery. Those who achieve their information of aesthetic surgery from mass media have a better understanding of this field. Also, the motivational stimuli for performing aesthetic surgeries have shown to be different from what were previously deemed
ABSTRACT
In the modern medical era, facial paralysis is linked with the name of Charles Bell. This disease, which is usually unilateral and is a peripheral facial palsy, causes facial muscle weakness in the affected side. Bell gave a complete description of the disease; but historically other physicians had described it several hundred years prior although it had been ignored for different reasons, such as the difficulty of the original text language. The first and the most famous of these physicians who described this disease was Mohammad Ibn Zakaryya Razi [Rhazes]. In this article, we discuss his opinion
ABSTRACT
Due to high prevalence of head and neck burns and reports on the success of tissue expansion in reconstruction, this study was carried out to determine the effect of tissue extension on reconstructing head and neck scars, emphasizing on the right flap design. In a clinical trial, 51 patients [62 scars] underwent tissue expansion. All patients were examined preoperatively for their scar status and amount of intact tissue. Afterwards, the reconstructed area was examined 6 months post-surgery in respect to tissue similarity, pliability and skin color. This study was conducted on 51 patients [55% female and 45% male] ranging from 10 to 59 years. Tissue expansion was successful in 95.1% of the reconstructions, whereas tissue transmission and covering the defect was successful in 89%. Complications were only seen in 19.4%. In 4.8% of the cases no tissue extension occurred. Good blood perfusion was observed in 81% of the flaps. It seems that using tissue expansion is acceptable in reconstructing head and neck burn scars. We recommend its use with appropriate flap design
ABSTRACT
To determine the concentration of epinephrine that causes end artery necrosis and ischemia. An experimental study. Animal Laboratory of Khordad Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from September 2007 to June 2008. This study was done on 54 ear flaps from 9 rabbits [9 [rabbits] x2 [ears] x3 [splits] =54] divided into three groups of 18 ear flaps each. Nine of the ear flaps were randomized as control and nine of them were randomized as study group. The different concentrations of epinephrine and lidocaine 1% were injected in study groups but only 1% lidocaine was injected in control groups. Study group 1 received 1/200000, group 2 received 1/100000 and group 3 received 1/500000 concentration of epinephrine respectively. There was no evidence of necrosis in the control and study groups 1 and 2. However, 4 out of 9 of the ear flaps showed clear evidence of tissue necrosis in group 3. Injecting epinephrine in 1/200000 and 1/100000 concentrations had no side effect for the end artery of the rabbit ear flaps, but 1/50000 concentration is shown that it can cause tissue necrosis. Further studies need to be done in order to find out the effects of epinephrine with the same concentrations on the human end artery