ABSTRACT
Coronary artery disease is recognized as one of the three major causes of mortality around the world. The role of inflammation in producing coronary artery disease has been established in previous studies. Since periodontal disease, which is highly prevalent, is considered as a cause of inflammation, its influence on producing coronary artery disease was investigated in the present study considering its four main indices. In this case-control study, 60 patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease were selected as case group After matching for some baseline characteristics including educational level, age, sex, and some established risk factors for coronary artery disease, 60 healthy individuals were selected as control group from a population in whom coronary artery disease had been angiographically ruled out. Then, the existence of periodontal diseases was compared with statistical methods in these two groups, considering four different dental indices. The mean plaque index [PI] was 57.82 +/- 2.92% in cases vs. 35.73 +/- 2.53% in controls [p<0.05]. Mean bleeding on probing [BOP] was 36.3 +/- 3.38% in cases versus 18.6 +/- 2.6% in controls, while mean Attachment Loss>4mm was 35.14 +/- 3.89% and 15.48 +/- 2.79% in cases and controls, respectively [P<0.05]. The mean loss of teeth [LOT] was not significantly different in cases and controls [5.08 +/- 0.52 versus 5.38 +/- 0.53, P>0.05]. Therefore, except for the number of lost teeth, there was a statistically significant difference between these two groups. For an evaluation of independent variables, multiple logistic regression analysis was used. Odds ratio was 1.02 for attachment loss and 2.2 for BOP. Periodontal diseases may be counted as a risk factor for coronary artery disease and it is essential to study the effects of control and management of these diseases as primary and secondary prevention for coronary artery disease in future studies