ABSTRACT
To compare the analgesic effect of commercially available premixed injection of lignocaine 2% and adrenaline in 1:100,000 dilution with that of freshly prepared solution by mixing adrenaline in suitable quantity to 2% plain lignocaine just before the time of injection for tooth extraction in patients of dental caries. Descriptive Interventional Study. Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry [AFID] Rawalpindi from March 2006 to August 2006. Patients and A total of 50 patients of dental caries, who were scheduled for tooth extraction, were divided into 2 groups of 25 each. Group A was provided analgesia with commercially available premixed injection of lignocaine and adrenaline and group B was provided analgesia with freshly prepared solution of plain lignocaine and adrenaline. In group A, good quality analgesia sufficient enough for tooth extraction, was achieved in 19 patients whereas in group B good quality analgesia was achieved in 23 patients. Freshly prepared mixture of plain lignocaine and adrenaline gives better analgesic effect than that of commercially available solution of lignocaine with adrenaline
ABSTRACT
To compare the effects of spontaneous versus controlled ventilation on Intraocular Pressure [IOP] with concomitant haemodynamic changes during cataract extraction and intraocular [IOL] implant surgery under anaesthesia. Comparative study. The study was conducted at department of Anesthesiology Combined Military Hospital Jhelum Cantt from Jan 2005 to Oct 2005. 40 ASA I and II patients of both sexes aged 40-68 years, undergoing surgical cataract extraction were studies. In 20 patients ventilation was controlled while the other 20 patients breathed spontaneously during surgery. IOP was measured preoperatively in non-operated eye. Intraocular pressure [IOP] decreased below the base line after induction of anaesthesia but it markedly increased after intubation in both group. During operation IOP decreased more in controlled ventilation group than spontaneous ventilation group. At the end of surgery before extubation, IOP increased in both groups with a greater rise in spontaneous ventilation group and extubation was followed by a further rise in IOP in both groups. Heart rate [HR] and arterial blood pressure [BP] changes followed almost the same pattern as IOP. General anaesthetics decrease IOP in general. Laryngoscopy and intubation are anaesthesia-related events, which cause rise in IOP. In appropriate patients, general anaesthesia with controlled ventilation is an acceptable technique for intraocular surgery offering advantages in terms of intraocular pressure and cardiovascular stability compared to spontaneous ventilation
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anesthesia, General , Intraocular Pressure , Hemodynamics , Pulmonary VentilationABSTRACT
A randomized placebo controlled cohort comparative blind study was conducted at department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care from September 2003 to December 2003, to find out the efficacy of balanced antiemesis with combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone versus ondansetron alone. Patients undergoing elective caesarean section under general anaesthesia were randomly given intravenous ondansetron 4mg with dexamethasone 8mg, or ondansetron [4mg] alone or N/S [placebo], for the prevention of PONV at the time of induction of anaesthesia. The incidence of N and V were recorded over first 24 hours after extubation. The severity of N and V was assessed using a modified standard four-point ordinal scale based on a visual analogue scale [none, mild, moderate, severe]. Total 120 patients were recruited in this study, 40 in each group. As many as 5%, 22.5% and 52.5% of patients in combination group, ondansetron alone group and placebo group respectively required rescue ant emetics. The study revealed that balanced antiemesis with ondansetron and dexamethasone is more effective way in the prevention of PONV with minimal side effects