ABSTRACT
Objectives: diabetes mellitus, depression, and excessive daytime sleepiness [EDS] are common health disorders that are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. When observed together, these disorders precipitate the other's deleterious effects. In this study, we aimed to study depression, anxiety, EDS, and their relation with diabetes control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tabuk, KSA
Methods: this case-control study was conducted in a diabetes centre in Tabuk during March to June 2015. One hundred and seventy-eight diabetic and one hundred control patients signed a written informed consent. These participants were then interviewed using the Arabic versions of Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS], and Hamilton Anxiety Scale [HAS]. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] was used for data analysis
Results: depression was evident in 61.8% of diabetic patients vs. 30% in controls. EDS was found in 6.7% of diabetic patients and was not reported in controls [Pvalue < 0.05], whereas anxiety was reported in 4.3% of patients and controls with no statistically significant difference. No differences were evident between patients with depression, EDS, and anxiety and those without these disorders in terms of diabetes control and body mass index
Conclusion: in this study, depression and EDS were common among diabetic patients, although there was no difference with the prevalence of anxiety between diabetic and control patients. In addition, no differences were found between patients with poor diabetes control and those who attempted to control their depression, EDS, and anxiety
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The literature has shown a negative impact of daytime sleepiness on the academic performance of medical students. This study explored the relationship between academic performance, sleep deprivation, and daytime sleepiness among Sudanese medical students
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 108 medical students from Omdurman University during the period from June to August 2014. Male and female students with excellent [A] and average [C] grades in the clinical phases of their studies were chosen. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire contained questions about the following: subjective feelings of insufficient sleep, feelings of sleepiness during class time, sleeping less than 6 h for six nights in a row, smoking status, medical or neurological diseases, and daytime sleepiness as assessed by the Epworth sleepiness scale
Result: A significant difference [p < 0.001] was found between the A [excellent] and C [average] groups regarding daytime sleepiness, insufficient sleep, sleeping less than 6 h per night, and falling asleep while reading [p < 0.005]. No significant difference was reported regarding snoring or the subjective feeling of sleepiness during study hours
Conclusion: Our study underscores the enormous effects of sleep deprivation and daytime sleepiness on academic performance among medical students. Larger multicenter studies are needed to examine the causes and to implement preventive measures for the serious effects of these significant health problems