ABSTRACT
The aims of this study are to highlight the clinicopathological features of urinary bladder cancer in Yemen, and to describe the histological grading of urothelial neoplasms according to the World Health Organization and International Society of Urologic pathology [WHO/ISUP 1998] classification. This is a descriptive record-based study of 316 cases of bladder cancer diagnosed by two pathologists at the Department of pathology, Sana'a University from 1st January 2005 to 30th April 2009. The diagnoses were made on hematoxylin and eosin stained sections and categorized according to WHO/ISUP 1998 classification. Out of 316 urinary bladder cancers, 248 [78%] were urothelial neoplasms, 53 [17%] were squamous cell carcinoma, 7 [2%] were adenocarcinoma, and 3 [1%] were rhabdomyosarcoma. The remaining cases were metastatic carcinomas [n=3], small cell carcinoma [n=1], and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [n=1]. The urothelial neoplasms observed were carcinoma in situ 4 [2%], papilloma 7 [3%], papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential 26 [11%], papillary urothelial carcinoma of low grade 107 [43%], papillary urothelial carcinoma of high grade 18 [7%], and non-papillary urothelial carcinoma of high grade 85 [34%], with 60 years mean age for males and 58 years for females; along with a male to female ratio of 4:1. The peak incidence was observed in the 61-70 years age group. This study documents a high frequency of urothelial neoplasms, mostly papillary urothelial carcinoma of low grade and non-papillary urothelial carcinoma of high grade with male preponderance and peak incidence in 6th decade of age.
ABSTRACT
Gastric cancer [GC] is a major contributor to the global burden of cancer morbidity and mortality. It is the fourth most commonly occurring worldwide. To describe the general pattern of primary GC in Yemen and compare the findings of patients' age, sex, histological type and degree of differentiation to findings from other Middle Eastern countries and the rest of the world. This is a descriptive record-based study of 517 cases of GC in the Department of pathology, Sana'a University, Yemen, for seven years period. The diagnosis was made on hematoxylin and eosin stained sections and categorized the cases of gastric malignancies according to histological type. Out of 517 cases of GC, 183 [35.4%] were females and 286 [64.6%] were males with 1:1.8 female to male ratio. The commonest type of GC was adenocarcinoma comprising, 462 [89.3%] of which female and male cases were 166 [36%] and 296 [64%] respectively. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas accounted, for 38 [7.4%]. The rest of the cases were nine undifferentiated malignancies, four leiomyosarcoma, two gastrointestinal malignant stromal tumors, one adenosquamous and the last one was carcinoid. Male preponderance was seen in all malignancies. The mean age for adenocarcinoma in females was 55.9 years and 59.5 years in males. Well-differentiated adenocarcinomas accounted for 45.7% followed by moderately-differentiated 22.1%. The poorly differentiated and signet ring cell carcinomas accounted for 6.2% and 9.5% respectively. The frequency of GC in Yemen revealing similar features in age, sex and hitological types with that reported from high incidence areas