ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis [DKA] is a complication of Diabetes mellitus [DM] that lingers to have high rates of morbidity and mortality regardless of advances in the management of DM. DKA mainly results from insulin deficiency from new-onset diabetes, insulin noncompliance and increased insulin need because of infection. Most persons with DKA have type 1 diabetes however, a subgroup of type 2 diabetes patients might as well have ketosis-prone diabetes
Aim of the work: To assess the level of awareness of the risk factors of DKA as well as the adherence of DM patients with drugs
Methods: This is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study enrolling a total of 100 randomly selected diabetic Saudi adults ensuring diversity in age range and educational stages. Descriptive analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] 23. Awareness levels for DKA were calculated as absolute frequencies and were reported as overall percentages
Results: A total of 100 randomly selected diabetic Saudi adults [81 females and 19 males], 56% were diagnosed with DM-1 while 44% had DM-2 and only 11% were active sport practitioners. Moreover, only 62% reported a robust adherence to DM medications. The majority of the respondent scored low knowledge on DKA [54%]. Regarding awareness of predisposing risk factors: 9% and 29% of the participants have related DKA to infection and febrile illness respectively. While, 50% of them suggested that there was an association between physical stress and DKA
Conclusion: Our results revealed a compelling need to bridge the disparity in awareness of DKA among Saudi adults with both types. The current knowledge gap doesn't only incur a significant cost burden on the patients and their sponsors because of the high cost treatment and rehabilitation but also and more severely the complications that can be life-threatening if not spotted and treated quickly
ABSTRACT
Background: diabetic foot problems are common throughout the world, resulting in major economic consequences for the patients, their families, and society. Foot ulcers are more likely to be of neuropathic origin, and therefore eminently preventable, in developing countries, which will experience the greatest rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes
Aim of the Work: to assess the level of awareness of Diabetic foot disease amongst patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aim. To measure the knowledge of diabetic about sign and symptoms of diabetic foot. To measure the knowledge of risk factors of diabetic foot in diabetic patients
Patients and Methods: this is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study enrolling a total of 100 randomly selected diabetic foot Saudi adults ensuring diversity in age range and educational stages. Descriptive analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] 23. Awareness levels for DF were calculated as absolute frequencies and were reported as overall percentages
Results: a number of 99 participants with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus participated in the study, 91% of the participants were either overweight or obese, 92% of participants had concomitant hypertension, [57.5%], dyslipidemia and [26.7%] eye problems. Also 76% of the specimen reported altered sensation in their lower limbs, and 90% reported having no previous diabetic foot disease education. Only 22.2% of participants reported having examined their feet, but only when they experienced a problem. A number of participants achieved mediocre scores for knowledge [mean 4.45, standard deviation [s.d.] 2.201, confidence interval [CI] 4.2-4.7] and practice [mean 11.09, s.d. 2.233, CI 10.8-11.5] on diabetic foot care [DFC]. Those who had a higher level of education and who were less than 65 years old had a significantly better score for previous foot care education [p <0.05]
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that awareness of DFD was suboptimal, based on current DFC guidelines. To minimize the burden of DFD, improved screening and prevention programs as well as patient education should be provided to T2DM patients, whilst maintaining an aggressive approach to risk factor modifications, footwear and identifying the at-risk foot