ABSTRACT
Objetivou-se avaliar o consumo de forragem e o desempenho de ovinos mantidos em pastagem de capim-aruana, submetidos a porcentagens crescentes de proteína bruta (PB) no suplemento, na época seca. Vinte borregos da raça Santa Inês foram utilizados em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os suplementos foram fornecidos em 1,0% do peso corporal, nas porcentagens de 0, 15, 20, 25 e 30%. O aumento de proteína bruta influenciou o consumo total de matéria seca (kg/dia) e a porcentagem do peso vivo, com valores máximos estimados de 1.296g (3,2% de MS) com 21,48 e 21,89% de PB no suplemento, respectivamente. O consumo de forragem máximo, estimado de 893g/dia, ocorreu com a PB de 21,5%. O aumento de PB nos suplementos resultou em efeito quadrático sobre o ganho médio diário, com valor máximo de 104g/dia com a PB de 23% no suplemento. Recomenda-se o uso de suplementos múltiplos com 21 a 23% de PB fornecidos na proporção de 1% do peso corporal (PC) para ovinos mantidos em pastos de capim-aruana na época seca...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the forage intake and grazing sheep performance keep on Aruana grass subjected to increasing crude protein (CP) levels in the supplement on dry season. Twenty Santa Ines male lambs were used, with initial body weight of 31.80kg by a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications. The supplements were provided daily at 1% of body weight, with protein levels of 0, 15, 20, 25 and 30%. The increase of the crude protein levels promoted a squarely effect on dry matter intake (kg/day and % of BW), with maximum estimated values of 1296g and 3.2% of DM in CP levels of 21.48 and 21.89, respectively. The maximum forage intake estimated of 893g/day occurred in CP level de 21.51%. The increased of crude protein level in supplements increased squarely the average daily gain, with a maximum of 104g/day, for the 23% crude protein in the supplement. Thus, the use of the multiple supplements supplied in 1% of body weight with CP levels ranged 21 a 23% is indicated for sheep grazing Aruana grass on dry season...
Subject(s)
Animals , Abattoirs , Food Additives/analysis , Biotechnology , Chickens , Carotenoids/administration & dosage , Antioxidants/analysis , Pigmentation/physiology , Xanthophylls/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Avaliou-se a composição química e a resistência óssea do tibiotarso de frangos de corte aos 21 dias de idade. Foram determinados os percentuais ósseos de proteínas colagenosas (PC) e proteínas não colagenosas (PNC) e de cálcio, fósforo, potássio e sódio. Foram utilizados 650 pintinhos machos de marca comercial, alimentados com dietas à base de milho e farelo de soja. Foi utilizado delineamento em blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições e 26 aves por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram na suplementação da dieta basal com NH4Cl a fim de se obter cinco níveis -50; 0; 50; 100 e 150mEq/kg de balanço eletrolítico (BE). O nível de BE influenciou os teores de fósforo, potássio, sódio, PC e PNC, relação Ca:P e a resistência à quebra. A redução do balanço eletrolítico da dieta em nível inferior a 150mEq/kg influenciará negativamente a mineralização e a resistência óssea. A resistência à quebra do tibiotarso não está correlacionada com as concentrações dos minerais de forma individual, mas correlaciona-se negativamente com as concentrações de proteínas colagenosas e não colagenosas.
This study was carried out in order to evaluate the bone chemical composition and breaking force resistance of tibiotarsus birds at 21 days of age. The bone percentage of colagenous proteins (CP), non colagenous proteins (NCP) and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium) was analyzed. A total of 650 commercial male broiler chicks were fed corn and soybean diets. A completely randomized block design with five replications of 26 birds per experimental unit was used. The treatments consisted of the basal ration supplemented with NH4Cl in order to obtain five levels (-50; 0; 50; 100 and 150mEq/kg) of electrolyte balance. The EB level affected the percentages of phosphorus, potassium and sodium, PC and PNC, Ca: P relation and breaking force resistance. The reduction of EB diets at levels below 150mEq/kg will affect negatively the mineralization and bone resistance. The breaking force of tibiotarsus is not correlated with the mineral concentration individually, but correlates negatively with the concentration of collagenous and non-collagenous proteins.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Bone Density , Enzyme Activation , Electrolytes/metabolism , Chickens/growth & development , Ketosis , Osteogenesis , Anions , Calcium , Collagen/metabolism , Diet , Phosphorus , Potassium , Proteins/metabolism , SodiumABSTRACT
Connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF) is a matricellular-secreted protein involved in extracellular matrix remodeling. The P19 cell line is an embryonic carcinoma line widely used as a cellular model for differentiation and migration studies. In the present study, we employed an exogenous source of CCN2 and small interference RNA to address the role of CCN2 in the P19 cell aggregation phenomenon. Our data showed that increasing CCN2 protein concentrations from 0.1 to 20 nM decreased the number of cell clusters and dramatically increased cluster size without changing proliferation or cell survival, suggesting that CCN2 induced aggregation. In addition, CCN2 specific silencing inhibited typical P19 cell aggregation, which could be partially rescued by 20 nM CCN2. The present study demonstrates that CCN2 is a key molecule for cell aggregation of embryonic P19 cells.