An Evaluation Of The Retention Property Between Cream Type And Strip Type Denture Adhesive With And Without Salivary Substitutes: An In Vitro Study

Background:Patients with xerostomia complain of not only dryness of mouth but also discomfort during routine normal oral functions like speaking and swallowing. These complainis worse in individuals wearing removable intraoral dental prosthesis. In such situations, when salivary flow decreases, denture adhesives and salivary substitutes are recommended; which aid in denture retention and improve patient comfort.Material & Method:A total 150 samples were prepared using heat-cure acrylic resin of 30mm×30mm×5mm. All samples were equally divided in A,B,C,D,E groups,wherein Group A was control group with salivary substitutes.Group B was denture adhesive cream without salivary substitutes.Group C was denture adhesive cream with salivary substitutes.Group D was denture adhesive strips without salivary substitutes.Group E was denture adhesive strips with salivary substitutes.The retentive force was measured for all samples usinguniversal testing machine.Results:Data was collected and statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc test. The significant difference was found between the retentive forces of cream type and strip type denture adhesives withor without salivary substitutes.Conclusion:From this study, it is concluded that denture adhesive will definitely increases the denture retention. The cream type denture adhesive with salivary substitutes has the most retention than among all groups.

Evaluation of certain important biochemical parameters of four tropical earthworms in response to soil moisture and temperature variations

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation in certain biochemical parameters of the earthworms, Drawida willsi (Sp1), Glyphidrilus tuberosus (Sp2), Lampito mauritii (Sp3) and Perionyx excavates (Sp4) in response to seasonal soil moisture and temperature alterations.Methodology: Soil moisture and temperatures were measured by digital moisture meter and thermometers, respectively. The sampling of earthworms was done following quadrat method during dry and wet seasons from three agro-climatic zones (Balasore (Z1), Sambalpur (Z2) and Nayagarh (Z3) of Odisha, India. Tissue protein, LPX level, catalase, acetylcholinesterase and lactate dehydrogenase activities were estimated spectrophotometrically. Results: Significant variation (P< 0.05) in soil moisture and temperature were noticed between dry and wet seasons in all the agro-climatic zones. All the earthworm species indicated lower protein level, acetylcholinesterase activity, higher lipid peroxidation, LDH and catalase activity in dry season relative to wet seasons. Soil moisture indicated significant positive correlation (P< 0.05) with tissue protein of Sp1 (r=0.59), Sp2 (r=0.64), and Sp4 (r=0.55) of Z1, Sp2 (r=0.63) and Sp4 (r=0.67) of Z2 and Sp2 (r=0.58) and Sp3 (r=0.65) of Z3. Soil temperature showed significant negative correlation (P< 0.05) with tissue protein of Sp3 (r= -0.51) of Z1, Sp2 (r= -0.56) and Sp4 (r= -0.69) of Z2 and Sp1(r= -0.54) of Z 3. Interpretation: Enhanced physiological stress level caused due to moisture deprivation could influence synthesis and storage of protein with enzyme activities.

Precontoured Clavicular Locking Plate with Broad Lateral End: A Newly Designed Plate for Lateral Third Clavicle Fractures

@#Introduction: Various treatment modalities are available butno consensus has been reached for optimal treatment oflateral third clavicle fractures. Precontoured locking plateswith broad lateral end for multiple screws fixation is a newlydesigned plate for lateral third clavicle fractures. Theobjective of our study was to analyse the functionaloutcomes as well as complications of this technique in asignificant number of cases with long follow-up duration.Materials and Methods: Forty-six patients with distal thirdclavicle fractures were treated by precontoured clavicularlocking plate with broad lateral end. Functional outcomeswere assessed on the basis of Constant-Murley ShoulderOutcome Score and University of California, Los Angeles(UCLA) Shoulder Rating Score, active shoulder range ofmotion, time for fracture union and coraco-claviculardistance.Results: The mean Constant-Murley score was 92.56±4.47(range: 79-98) for injured side and 96.22±2.23 (range: 90-100) for normal side with p-Value 0.56. Mean coracoclaviculardistance at final follow-up was 10.52±1.13 mm(range 9.7 to 11.7 mm) in injured side and 10.25±0.98 mm(range 9.6 to 11.2 mm) in normal side. Mean UCLAShoulder Rating Score was 32.55±2.12 (range: 27-34) forinjured side and 33.46±1.88 (range: 31- 35) on normal sidewith p value 0.58. No major complications that necessitatedrevision of surgery occurred in our study.Conclusion: This newly designed plate seemed extremelyuseful in successful union of lateral third clavicle fractures,with reduced rate of complications like fixation failures,iatrogenic rotator cuff injury, AC joint osteoarthritis andsub-acromial bursitis, with good functional out

Effect of preload reduction by haemodialysis on doppler indices of diastolic function in patients with end-stage renal disease.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of preload reduction by haemodialysis on Doppler echocardiographic indices of cardiac diastolic function. METHODOLOGY: Parameters of left ventricular diastolic function were measured in patients with end-stage renal disease before and after a single session of haemodialysis. Patients with valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, pericardial disease and those not in sinus rhythm were excluded from the study. RESULTS: Seventeen subjects (12 males and 5 females, mean age 48 +/- 16 years) were studied. Over the duration of 3.7 +/- 0.6 hours of haemodialysis, 2.6 +/- 1.3 litres of ultrafiltrate was removed. The comparison of pre and post haemodialysis peak mitral E and A velocities showed a decrease in E velocity (p < 0.01) whereas the change in A velocity was not significant. The E/A ratio decreased significantly (p < 0.05).The decrease in E velocity correlated well with the amount of ultrafiltrate (r = 0.653, p < 0.01). There was a significant increase in isovolumetric relaxation time (p< 0.05) whereas deceleration time did not change (p =0.3). CONCLUSION: Ultrafiltration during haemodialysis causes a rapid reduction in preload. It results in decreased early left ventricular diastolic filling without a change in the atrial phase of filling, hence causing a decrease in calculated E/A ratio.

Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis: a rare complication of cervical herpes zoster.

Herpes zoster, a sequel of the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus, usually presents with cutaneous eruptions associated with intense pain and burning sensation in the affected dermatomes. Motor weakness, however, can sometimes complicate herpes zoster. In this report we present a case that had diaphragmatic motor weakness as a sequel of herpes zoster lesions in the neck.

The "third eye"-- a new concept of trans-differentiation of pineal gland into median eye in amphibian tadpoles of Bufo melanostictus.

Median third eye was found to develop from transplanted pineal gland of external gill stage tadpoles in the recipient 5 toe stage tadpoles of Bufo melanostictus. Pineal gland along with a bit part of brain tissue of the donor external gill stage tadpole was cut out and transplanted into a pit made between two lateral eyes of 5 toe stage recipient tadpoles. Half of the operated tadpoles were treated with vitamin A (15 IU/ml.) for 15 days. Median "third eye" was found to develop in the both untreated and vitamin A treated tadpoles. However, vitamin A increased the percentage of the development of median eyes. Morphological and histological study revealed that newly transformed median eyes were similar to that of normal functional eyes. A stalk like structure developed which connects the median eye to the brain. The median third eye could not develop when pineal gland of 5 toe stage mature tadpole was transplanted into the tadpole of the same age.