ABSTRACT
Philodryas chamissonis, the Chilean long-tailed snake, is a diurnal predator mainly of Liolaemus lizards, but also of amphibians, birds, rodents and juvenile rabbits. Dromiciops gliroides (Colocolo opossum) is an arboreal marsupial endemic of temperate rainforest of southern South America. Little information is available about this marsupial's biology and ecology. Here we report the predation of one Colocolo opossum by an adult female P. chamissonis in a mixed Nothofagus forest, composed mainly by N. dombeyi, N. glauca and N. alpina trees, in the "Huemules de Niblinto" National Reserve, Nevados de Chillán, Chile. Since these two species have different activity and habitat use patterns, we discuss how this encounter may have occurred. Although it could just have been an opportunistic event, this finding provides insights into the different components of food chains in forest ecosystems of Chile.
Philodryas chamissonis, cobra de cauda comprida ("Culebra de cola larga"), é uma cobra diurna, predadora principalmente de lagartos do gênero Liolaemus, mas também de anfíbios, aves, roedores e coelhos jovens. Dromiciops gliroides (colocolo) é um marsupial arborícola endêmico das florestas temperadas do sul da América do Sul. Há pouca informação disponível sobre a biologia e a ecologia deste marsulpial. É reportada, neste estudo, a predação de um colocolo por uma fêmea adulta de P. chamissonis, em uma floresta mista de Nothofagus, composta principalmente por árvores N. dombeyi, N. glauca e N. alpina, na Reserva Nacional de Huemules de Niblinto, Nevados de Chillán, Chile. Uma vez que estas duas espécies possuem diferentes padrões de atividade e de uso de habitat, discute-se como este evento poder ter ocorrido. Embora este possa ter sido apenas um evento oportunístico, o achado fornece novas informações sobre os diferentes componentes da cadeia alimentar nos ecossistemas florestais do Chile.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Colubridae/physiology , Food Chain , Marsupialia , Predatory Behavior/physiology , Chile , TreesABSTRACT
Descreve-se o primeiro caso de paratuberculose em veado pudu-do-sul (Pudu pudu). O animal foi encontrado na cidade de Concepción, centro sul do Chile, em péssimas condições e com sinais claros de diarréia. Internamente apresentava séria atrofia de gordura no coração, lesões histológicas nos pulmões, fígado, baço e rins, e injúrias intestinais. Diferentes amostras foram preparadas com Ziehl-Neelsen, e os linfonodos mesentéricos presentes no íleo foram fortemente positivos para a bactéria resistente ao ácido.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Deer , Paratuberculosis , Animals, Wild , ChileABSTRACT
A total of 1,177 lice of four species were collected from 124 kelp gulls (Larus dominicanus) and 137 lice of the same four species from 60 Franklin's gulls (Larus pipixcan). The louse Saemundssonia lari (O Fabricius) (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) was the most numerous on both gull species, with infestation rates of 4.9 on kelp gulls and 1.8 on Franklin's gulls. The second most abundant louse was Quadraceps punctatus (Burmeister), with a high infestation rate but low prevalence on kelp gulls; those parameters were much lower among lice from Franklin's gulls. The composition and community structure of the lice were similar on both host species, but not their infestation rates. In addition, the feather mite Zachvatkinia larica Mironov (Acari: Avenzoariidae) is recorded from kelp gulls and Franklin's gulls for the first time, while the gamasid mite Larinyssus sp. is recorded from kelp gulls, also for the first time. The population parameters of all species of ectoparasites are discussed.
Subject(s)
Animals , Charadriiformes/parasitology , Lice Infestations , Phthiraptera , ChileABSTRACT
Background: Compartment syndrome of the extremity may occur after severe trauma with vascular lesions secondary to fractures, crushes or gunshots. To prevent it a fasciotomy must be done. Aim To report the use vessel loop shoelace technique for the progressive closure of the fasciotomy. Material and methods: Descnptive study of 24 patients aged 26 +/- 9 years (21 males) that required fasciotomy to prevent compartment syndromes. The fasciotomy wound was closed progressively using vessel loops anchored to the skin with staples or sutures, which were tightened progressively, according to the evolution. Results: The studied patients required a total of 56 fasciotomies. In all patients a complete or near complete closure of the wound was achieved. The mean closure time was 9.5 +/- 3.3 days. Mean hospital stay was 12.3 +/- 4.3 days. Conclusions: Vessel loop shoelace technique is effective for fasciotomy wound closure.
Frente al cada vez más frecuente manejo del trauma vascular en extremidades, debido a lesiones de distinta etiología, ya sea por accidentes de tránsito de alta velocidad, caídas de altura, o las crecientes tasas de lesiones en la vida civil por arma blanca y por arma de fuego, es que nos vemos enfrentados a múltiples tipos de lesiones vasculares que comprometen arterias y venas, asociados a extenso compromiso de partes blandas o a reintervenciones en períodos posteriores a las 6 hrs post trauma. De este modo es que el manejo asociado de la fasciotomía como método de prevención o tratamiento del síndrome compartamental es fundamental. Se presentan un total de 24 casos en los que se efectuaron 56 fasciotomías primarias o secundarias como profilaxis o tratamiento del síndrome compartamental, en las que se utilizaron elásticos vasculares para el cierre progresivo del defecto cutáneo de las fasciotomías, para disminuir el tiempo de evolución y así evitar el uso de injertos de piel en el cierre de los defectos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Fascia/surgery , Suture Techniques , Compartment Syndromes/surgery , Wound Healing/physiology , Elasticity , Prospective Studies , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Two new species of the genus Brueelia Kéler, 1936 are described of two species in the genus Phrygilus Cabanis, 1844 from Punitaqui, Coquimbo, IV Región, Chile: Phrygilus gayi (Gervais, 1834) and P. fruticeti (Kittlitz, 1833). Descriptions were made in a comparative form, adding comments on their relatives, as well as an account of all Brueelia species known to infest South American Emberizine finches.
Dos nuevas especies del género Brueelia Kéler, 1936 son descritas en dos especies de aves del género Phrygilus Cabanis, 1844 desde Punitaqui, Coquimbo, IV Región, Chile: Phrygilus gayi (Gervais, 1834) y P. fruticeti (Kittlitz, 1833). Las descripciones son hechas en forma comparativa agregando comentarios sobre sus especies afines, así como consideraciones de las especies conocidas de Brueelia que infestan fringílidos sudamericanos.
Subject(s)
Classification , Insecta , PhthirapteraABSTRACT
No Zoológico Nacional do Parque Metropolitano de Santiago, Chile, foram encontrados dois psitacídeos Enicognathus leptorhynchus, mortos pelo nematódeo Ascaridia hermaphrodita (Froelich, 1789). Este é o primeiro registro desse nematódeo em E. leptorhynchus e também o primeiro registro deste parasito no Chile.
Subject(s)
Ascaridia/isolation & purification , Mortality , Parrots/parasitologyABSTRACT
We studied prospectively 15 male middle age workers before and after a fumigation period with methyl bromide, that lasted 2 to 4 weeks. According to the initial assessment, 5 of these subjects had a chronic exposure to the chemical. As controls, 10 non exposed workers matched for age, sex and working conditions were studied in 2 occasions. The evaluation included the Who Neuro Behavior Core Test Battery, dynamometric and vibrator assessment of peripheral nerve function, the Nothingham test for psychological functioning and Titmus test for visual acuity. Methyl bromide levels were measured in blood and irine. Blood methyl bromide levels increased from 13.3 to 30 mg/dl after headache, paresthesiae, mood changes and loss of memory and concentration. In these subjects, the threshold for the Vibration test increased from 2.4 to 2.85 sec, dynamometry the score fro negative auto-perception in the Nothingham test from 11.2 to 13.6. No deterioration in these tests were observed in unexposed workers. Acute and chronic methyl bromide exposure causes important psychological and neurological derangement
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Pesticides/poisoning , Bromides/poisoning , Neurotoxins/blood , Poisoning/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Pesticide ExposureABSTRACT
Se presenta nuestra experiencia inicial con un protocolo de Papaverina I.C., efectuado en 70 pacientes impotentes, que clasificados según su respuesta a la papaverina son manejados con diferentes alternativas de terapia o estudio. El 54% de los pacientes, recuperó erecciones espontáneas. El 20% de la serie, logra erecciones con papaverina I.C., y puede beneficiarse con programa de auto inyección. El 26% restante (No Respondedores), fue sometido a evaluación arterial y venosa. Se consignó "escape venoso" en el 33% de los pacientes que complementaron este estudio, y de 4 enfermos sometidos a Cirugía uno recupera erecciones espontáneas
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Erectile Dysfunction/drug therapy , Papaverine/therapeutic use , Papaverine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso de una nina de 5 anos portadora de una estenosis en el bronquio izquierdo a un centimetro de la carina secundaria a la impactacion de un cuerpo extrano (poroto). Se describe la tecnica quirurgica de su reparacion y el buen resultado 30 meses mas tarde
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Female , Bronchi , Bronchial Diseases , Foreign BodiesABSTRACT
Se presentan 40 casos de cateterizacion de vena subclavia en ninos con un estudio prospectivo, se describe la tecnica, se analizan factores como edad, tiempo de permanencia del cateter, complicaciones, indicaciones para su instalacion y se concluye que es un metodo que ofrece las mismas perspectivas que en el adulto