ABSTRACT
Hyperuricemia is commonly associated with hypertension. Also, it is well known to coincide with the metabolic syndrome but is still not recognized as a risk factor. So, we aimed to evaluate hyperuricemia among a sample of hypertensive Egyptians with normal renal function. This study was performed on 303 hypertensive patients aged 30-69 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the level of uric acid: group 1 composed of 168 hypertensive hyperuricemic patient sand group 2 composed of 135 hypertensive normouricemic patients. All patients were subjected to complete medical history and detailed clinical examination including body mass index [BMI], complete blood count [CBC], serum creatinine, BUN, FBS, cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, sodium, potassium, urinary uric acid, urinary creatinine, urinary uric acid to creatinine ratio and fractional excretion of uric acid[FEUA]. The overall prevalence of hyperuricemia was 55.4%. Uric acid correlated significantly with age [p<0.05]. BMI was significantly higher in group1 than in group 2 [p<0.05], and there was a significant positive correlation between serum uric acid and BMI [p<0.01].Serum triglycerides and cholesterol were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 [p<0.05for both] denoting risky metabolic effects. Serum uric acid correlated significantly with systolic blood pressure [p<0.05], but not with diastolic blood pressure. No significant difference found between group 1 and group 2 as regards SBP, DBP or blood pressure control [all p values > 0.05]. Serum uric acid found to correlate significantly [p<0.001] with urinary uric acid, urinary creatinine and negatively with FEUA denoting early tubular defect of the kidney. Also, Urinary uric acid, urinary creatinine and urinary uric acid/creatinine ratio were higher in group 1than in group 2 [p values were<0.001, <0.001 and <0.05 respectively]. FEUA was found to be significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 [p<0.01]. We found, also, that serum sodium level was significantly higher in the hyperuricemic group than in the normouricemic group [p<0.001] denoting the role of Na[+] in the development of hypertension and defective renal excretion of uric acid. We conclude that the incidence hyperuricemia in our sample of Egyptian hypertensive patients was [55.4%]. Impaired renal clearance of uric acid occurs before deterioration of GFR. Serum uric acid should be measured in all cases of hypertension together with BMI, total cholesterol, triglycerides and should be treated to avoid consequent metabolic complications. Hypertensive patients with hyperuricemia should be warned strictly of high sodium diet
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Uric Acid/metabolism , Kidney Function Tests , Metabolic SyndromeABSTRACT
Background: Cardiovascular disease [CVD] is not only deteriorating the quality of life of hemodialysis patients, but is also considered the main cause of death among them
Aim of the Work: This study was conducted to define the prevalence of symptomatic cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors among chronic kindey disease [CKD] patients on Hemodialysis [HD]
Patients and Methods: A total of 1000 CKD patients [stage 5] from10 HD centers in Cairo were enrolled in this study. Data was obtained in the form of a specially designed quetionnaire approaching 3 main categories; the patient data, HD data and laboratory results
Results: Data analysis revealed that the incidence of cardiovascular events is high and its prognosis is poor in patients undergoing maintenance HD. Reversible risk factors include hypertension [HTN] and possibly the amount of HD prescribed