ABSTRACT
Lactation failure is known as one of the most important risk factors associated with the development of persistent diarrhea [PD]. The subjects of this study included 41 infants, of 41 respondent mothers, who are suffering PD. They were 21 females and 20 males with ages ranging from 2 to 12 months [X +/- SD, 6.7 +/- 2.5 mo]. Nutritional and immunomicrobiological assessement was tried at initial diagnosis of PD, and one month after established relactation. A statistically significant improvement of all nutritional parameters, except pallor, hypotonia and length/age, was observed. Abnormal findings detected in stool examination and culture, before relactation, in the form of visible blood, pus cells, RBCs, reducing substances, acidity and pathogenic organisms disappeared significantly, one month after established relactation. A statistically significant rise of serum IgG and absolute lymphocyte count was observed after relactation. Meanwhile, IgM levels and CD[+4] / CD[+8] showed non-significant change. On other hand, IgA levels dropped significantly after relactation. It is concluded that; relactation is possible among the majority of mothers of infants suffering PD and so it is worthtrial in every episode of PD; and relactation should be included in the management strategies of PD, as it is benificial for the nutritional and immunomicrobiological outcome of these infants
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Lactation , Nutritional Status , Immunoglobulins , Chronic DiseaseABSTRACT
Chronic renal failure is one of the chronic life threatening diseases affecting human beings. Abnormlities in carbohydrate metabolism have been recognized in non diabetic uremic patient with end stage renal disease [ESRD]. Patients undergoing regular hemodialysis usually develop hypogiycaemic symptoms during the dialysis session .We studied the effects of hemodialysis on the serum insulin level in these patients Analysis of the data obtained from our Study revealed, that, there is a significant increase in blood glucose levels and serum insulin level in uremics Compared to controls. Also serum insulin level was high in hemodialysis uremics before and after dialysis compared to those on conservative treatment These abnormalities may be Contributed to many factors: Such as; Inability of the diseased kidney and the skeletal muscles to degrade insulin. Suppression of insulin binding to erythrocytes of predialysed plasma Augmented gluconeogenesis Increased potassium level. Metabolic acidosis. Increased receptor binding of glucagon. Also, our study showed a significant decrease in serum insulin level after dialysis session but not to the normal values, which may be due to removal of unidentified small and midlle molecular weight peptides from the uremic patient's plasma by dialysis which is Supposed to be responsible for the uremic toxicity and insulin resistance in the peripheral tissues