Does microwave ovens have a catractogenic effect? an experimental study

The aim of this study was to investigate the cataractogenic effect of microwave ovens on rabbits biomicroscopically and histologically. Sixteen rabbits were classified into four groups in separate cages, each contained four rabbits; one group served as a control, while the other three groups were placed next to the closed door of a microwave oven at 30 and 60 cm. They were exposed to the microwave oven for 30 minutes daily for one month. Radiation leakage was measured. The mean radiation leakage was within the safety limits. Slit lamp biomicroscopy showed no pathologic lens changes. The histopathologic examination revealed that rabbits of the control group showed no pathologic lens changes, while rabbits of the second group showed cellular areas of the lens epithelium with pleomorphism, pyknosis and areas of multilayered epithelium. Lens fibers showed vacuolization. Microwave oven radiation was cataractogenic. This cataractogenic effect increased by long and near exposure to microwave ovens

Does the use of topical dorzolamide hydrochloride limit the role of glaucoma surgery

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of the recently introduced topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. [Dorzolamide Hydrochloride 2% [Trusopt 2%]] as an additional therapeutic agent in selected patients suffering from chronic open angle glaucoma. Forty eight eyes [48] in twenty eight [28] patients were included in this study, that was held at Al-Zahraa University Hospital, 12 males and 16 females, mean age was [46.14 years] [Range from 31-68 years]. They were diagnosed as chronic simple glaucoma, non of them was subjected to previous glaucoma surgery. These patients were divided into three groups, first group [11 eyes] previously using pilocarpine eye drops only, second group [21 eyes], using Beta-blockers and third group [16 eyes], using combination of both pilocarpine and beta blockers. All patients were submitted to complete eye examination. Then topical 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride was given to all patients every 8 hours in addition to their original treatment, and the patients were followed-up for 6 months. The LO.P. reduction, were recorded. In the first group, the mean reduction was 4.04, in the second group was 3.99, in the third group it was 3.45 which is statistically significant in three groups. So we concluded that Dorzolamide Hydrochloride 2% was a useful as adjunctive therapy in control the elevated intraocular pressure, deviation and in stabilizing otherwise inadequately controlled cases

comparison of laryngeal mask airway with tracheal tube for intra-ocular ophthalmic surgery

Changes in intra-ocular pressure during spontaneous ventilation with a laryngeal mask were compared with controlled ventilation using a tracheal tube in 40 patients undergoing intra-ocular surgery Under general anaesthesia. Intra-ocular pressure was measured before induction, after establishing the airway, at the end of the operation and after removal of the airway device. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. Mean end -tidal carbon dioxide tension was significantly higher during spontaneous ventilation than during controlled ventilation 5 minutes after establishing the airway [42 +/- 0.7 Torr versus 38.5 +/- 0.5 Torr] and at the end of surgery [45.7 +/- 0.7 Torr versus 31.5 +/- 0.2 Torr] [p < 0.001]. Despite this, intra-ocular pressures were lower than the base line and similar in the two groups throughout anaesthesia. At the end of surgery, intraocular pressure [mmHg] was [11.0 +/- 4.5] and [8.2 +/- 3.1] during spontaneous or controlled ventilation respectively, one minute after removal of the device, mean intra-ocular pressure [mmHg] in the tracheal tube group [16.1 +/- 4.5] was slightly higher than base line [15.5 +/- 3.1] and was significantly higher than the laryngeal mask group [10.7 +/- S.4] [p <0.01]. Spontaneous ventilation with a laryngeal mask is an acceptable alternative to controlled ventilation with tracheal intubation in elective intraocular surgery