ABSTRACT
Dental implant is a permanent metal fixture anchored into the jaw bone topped with individual replacement of a tooth, teeth or a bridge that screws or cements into the implant fixture. The successful outcome of implant procedure depends on a series of patient-related and procedure-dependent parameters. Predictors of success or failure are related to quality and quantity of the bone at the intended site, length of implant, axial loading, operator skills, patient's overall general health, age, habits and oral hygiene. Although long-term studies continue to show improving success rates for implants, failures occur unavoidably. Successful provision of dental implants to patients who have lost tooth/teeth and the surrounding bone, relies on careful gathering of clinical and radiological information, interdisciplinary communication and input, a detailed treatment planning and regular evaluation of the patients. Under proper conditions and diligent patient maintenance, implants can last for lifetime. The objective of this study is to assess and evaluate patients reporting to Islamic International Dental College and Hospital receiving implant therapy. We, very carefully conducted an evaluation of patients in order to find out our success rate. From August 2010 to December 2011, 31 patients received 68 implants. Vast majority of implants [63] were of Bio-Horizon of USA and rest [5] were Straumann implants of Switzerland. Out of these 68 implants, we had 3 failed cases. Further-more, we looked in detail the likely reasons of these failures
ABSTRACT
Alveolar osteitis is a common post extraction complication developing within 1-4 days following surgery.1-3. It is characterized by intense pain that is not relieved by analgesics. 1 The most frequent site of occurrence is the mandibular third molar region. Females are known to show a higher incidence of occurrence. 4 Studies indicate smoking, traumatic extractions, leaving tooth and bone debrisin extraction sockets, excessive irrigation of socket, compromised blood supply and use of contraceptives, as possible predisposing factors.5-25. Inflammation of the socket is believed to be a result of dislodgment or disintegration of the blood clot that forms within the socket immediately after extraction. 11, 26-27 Dry socket can be prevented by ensuring sterile surgery and by the use of numerous non-pharmacological measures; good history, identification and elimination of risk factors, and pharmacological agents; systemic antibiotics, antiseptics, antifibrinolytics, obtundant dressings and photodynamic therapy.8,28-34 Once the condition develops it is treated symptomatically and by use of obtundant dressings. Initial results of a study carried out in Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar are showing promising results with surgical management. This literature review summarizes the current understanding of etiology, pathogenesis, prevention and management of alveolar osteitis