ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency of intracerebral hemorrhage in hypertensive patients. Study design: Cross sectional study. Setting: This study was conducted at Medical department of Peoples Medical College and Hospital Nawabshah, from 01-01-2012 to 31-12-2012
Material and Methods: Admitted patient through emergency department with history of hypertension more than two years, meeting the inclusion criteria taken consent from attendant. Patient was referred for C.T scan brain presence of hyperdense area was considered as intracerebral hemorrhage. Inclusive criteria were age >20 years, either sex and patients with history of hypertension more than two year with any two or more sign and symptoms like sudden unconsciousness or with hemiplegia, hemiparesis, dysarthria. Aphasia, cranial nerve palsies. Exclusion criteria were age less than 20 years, normotensive patients with cerebral hemorrhage and patients with traumatic hemorrhage
Results: Among 281 patients that had stroke, there were 147 males and 134 females with a sex ratio males: female 1:1. Mean age of patients admitted with intracerebral hemorrhage was 37.89 +/- 7.33 years with an average age among males and females was same. Duration of hypertension was greater than 20-25 years in most of the patients nearly 63.7%. Patients with long duration of diabetes and hypertension presented with intracerebral hemorrhage. Nearly all the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were smokers 145, only 2 patients were non smokers and nearly all had long history of smoking. The 127 patients who presented with intracerebral hemorrhage were obese. All risk factors were statistically significant and were responsible for intracerebral hemorrhage
Conclusions: Hypertension is a risk factor for intra cerebral hemorrhage. An effort should be made to control blood pressure and other modifiable risk factors to reduce incidence of intra cerebral hemorrhage and improve patient outcomes
ABSTRACT
To assess the frequency of common presentations of the overt hypothyroidism. Cross sectional study. This study was conducted at all OPD's of peoples' medical college hospital nawab shah, a tertiary care hospital, from 01-10-2012 to 31-03-2013. This study was conducted at all OPDs of Peoples' medical college hospital Nawabshah, a tertiary care hospital, from 01-10-2012 to 31-03-2013. Patients visiting outpatient department [OPD] meeting the inclusion criteria were involved in study. Inclusive criteria were diagnosed cases of overt hypothyroidism, age 18-60 years and both gender. Exclusion criteria were age less than 18 years and more than 60 years and pregnant women. The collected data was entered and analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS] software, Version 17. Among 126 patients that had hypothyroidism, there were 46 males[36.5%] and 80 females[63.5%]. Mean age of patients was 37.60 +/- 7.54 years. Most of the patients presented with symptoms of cold intolerance [62.7%] dry skin [61.9%], pedal edema [57.1%], weight gain[56.3%] while rest presented with hair loss [20.6%], bradycardia [29.4%] and delayed tendon reflexes [27.8%]. Overt hypothyroidism was presented in only 21 [16.7%] patients. The frequency of Hypothyroidism vary in different areas, and is affected by Socio-demographic, nutritional status, illiteracy level and personal self-care