ABSTRACT
Background: A wide range of disorders can manifest as skin lesions due to the great difficulty the skin encounters while transitioning from an aqueous to a dry environment in a neonate. Among the skin conditions commonly seen in neonates are temporary benign lesions, atopic dermatitis (and associated disorders), bullous dermatoses. Aim was to study the various patterns of skin lesions in neonates and to estimate the prevalence of physiological and pathological skin lesions.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of pediatrics at Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences and Hospital (ASCOMS) a tertiary care hospital in Jammu. A total of 300 neonates (day 1 to day 28 of life) and having any skin lesions or manifestations born at the hospital or visiting out patient抯 department were included in the study. The data collected was compiled on excel sheet and was analyzed statistically by using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software version 21.0.Results: It was found that the most of the skin manifestations were observed in neonates born to multiparous mothers at term gestation and having average weight. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1. The frequency of the cutaneous manifestations were seen more in neonates born via the caesarean section.Conclusions: It is concluded that the most common skin lesion was erythema toxicum followed by icterus neonatorum.
ABSTRACT
Background: Umbilical hernias are estimated to affect 15% of children. Age, race, gestational age, and coexisting disorders are some of the variables that affect it. In comparison to the general population, there are greater incidences of connective tissue illnesses in children, premature delivery, low birth weight, syndromic newborns, black children, and children with pathologies that raise intraabdominal pressure. To determine the prevalence and to assess the risk factors of umbilical hernia in pediatric patients attending outpatient department (OPD) in tertiary care centre.Methods: The present observational study was conducted in paediatric OPD, of a tertiary care centre over a period of one year. A total of 100 study subjects were enrolled with suspected umbilical hernia. The data was collected with the help of a structured clinical proforma and analysed with SPSS version 20.0.Results: In our study the most prevalent age group involved being 0-1 years (6%) followed by 8-10 years (3%) and 2-4 years (2%). Umbilical hernia was seen more in males (64%) than females. Low birth weight (81%), premature delivery (54.54%), and undernutrition (90.9%) were the risk factors that were observed to be associated with the development of umbilical hernia.Conclusions: The study concluded that the overall prevalence of umbilical hernia was 11% and the associated risk factors were premature delivery, low birth weight and poor nutrition.